Cascaded 4G, 3G, 2G and other systems

ABSTRACT

A Global Positioning System (GPS), a touch screen generated signal, a first Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signal, a first Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal and a first Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) signal is received by two or more antennas and is processed into processed GPS, touch screen, OFDM, CDMA and TDMA signal and is provided to a subscriber unit-interface circuitry. The processed CDMA signal is a cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signal. One or more of the processed GPS, touch screen, first OFDM, first CDMA or first TDMA baseband signal is provided for cascade processing, modulation and transmission into a second OFDM, second CDMA or second TDMA signal, wherein the second signal is distinct from the first signal. The transmitter has two or more antennas for transmission and linearly and a non-linearly amplified amplifier for linear and for non-linear amplification of modulated signals.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. utility patentapplication Ser. No. 11/924,263 entitled: “VoIP multimode WLAN, Wi-Fi,GSM, EDGE, TDMA, spread spectrum, CDMA systems” and a continuationapplication of U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/745,201entitled: “Video, Voice and Location Finder Wireless CommunicationSystem”, and now U.S. Pat. No. 7,558,574 and a continuation applicationof U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,610 entitled:“Location finder, tracker, communication and remote control system”,filed on Aug. 3, 2005 and now U.S. Pat. No. 7,260,369, issued on Aug.21, 2007.

Applicant Kamilo Feher's international patent applicationPCT/US2005/035931, entitled: “Multiuse location finder, communication,medical, control system”, filed Oct. 6, 2005, with the PatentCooperation Treaty, PCT-USPTO and published by the World IntellectualProperty Organization (WIPO), as WO 2007/018566 A2, on 15 Feb. 2007,claiming priorities of U.S. application Ser. Nos. 11/197,609, 11/197,610and 11/197,670 filed on Aug. 3, 2005 is included herewith by reference.

Applicant Kamilo Feher's related U.S. patent application Ser. Nos.11/197,609, 11/197,610, 11/197,670, 11/410,492, 11/413,687, 11/413,984,11/745,201, 11/766,766, 11/866,955, 11/868,858, 11/867,688, 11/875,925,11/924,263, 11/927,686, 11/930,159, 11/924,893, 11/929,447, 12/252,215,12/014,692, 12/271,089, 12/324,378, 12/255,515, 12/334,493, 12/335,351,and all other Kamilo Feher's related US patent applications, claimingpriorities of U.S. application Ser. Nos. 11/197,609, 11/197,610 and11/197,670 filed on Aug. 3, 2005, are included herewith by reference.Also all references listed in Applicant's Information Disclosures areincluded herewith by reference.

Application Ser. No. 11/197,609 is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,280,810, issuedOct. 9, 2007.

Application Ser. No. 11/197,610 is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,260,369, issuedAug. 21, 2007.

Application Ser. No. 11/410,492 is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,356,343 issuedApr. 8, 2008.

Application Ser. No. 11/413,687 is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,466,975 issuedDec. 16, 2008.

Application Ser. No. 11/197,670 is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,548,787 issued onJun. 16, 2009.

Application Ser. No. 11/745,201 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,558,574, issued onJul. 7, 2009.

Above listed Kamilo Feher's issued US patents are also included herewithby reference.

In this continuation application, Applicant corrected certaintypographical errors which were noticed by Applicant in thecorresponding parent applications.

RELATED CO-PENDING U.S. PATENT APPLICATIONS

The following three (3) related U.S. patent applications, submitted byApplicant/Inventor Kamilo Feher, are co-pending:

U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,610, Ref. No. (56),entitled “Location finder, tracker, communication and remote controlsystem”, submitted to the United States Patent and Trademark Office(USPTO) on Aug. 3, 2005.

U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,670, Ref. No. (57),entitled “Medical diagnostic and communication system”, submitted to theUnited States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on Aug. 3, 2005.

U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,609, Ref. No. (58),entitled “Multimode communication system”, submitted to the UnitedStates Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on Aug. 3, 2005.

CITED REFERENCES Partial List of Relevant Literature

Several references, including issued United States patents, pending USpatents, and other references are identified herein to assist the readerin understanding the context in which the invention is made, some of thedistinctions of the inventive structures and methods over that which wasknown prior to the invention, and advantages of this new invention, theentire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference. Thislist is intended to be illustrative rather than exhaustive.

All publications including patents, pending patents, documents,published papers, articles and reports contained, listed or cited inthese mentioned publications and/or in this disclosure-patent/inventionare herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if eachpublication or report, or patent or pending patent and/or referenceslisted in these publications, reports, patents or pending patents werespecifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

CROSS REFERENCE TO U.S. PATENTS

The following referenced documents contain subject matter related tothat disclosed in the current disclosure:

-   1. U.S. Pat. No. 6,907,291 issued Jun. 14, 2005, Snell et al.:    “Secure telemetry system and method for an implantable cardiac    stimulation device”, assigned to Pacesetter, Inc., Sylmar, Calif.-   2. U.S. Pat. No. 6,906,996 issued Jun. 14, 2005, Ballantyne, G. J.:    “Multiple modulation wireless transmitter”-   3. U.S. Pat. No. 6,889,135 issued May 3, 2005, Curatolo, B. S. et    al.: “Security and tracking system”-   4. U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,842 issued Apr. 12, 2005, King, J. et al.:    “Foldable Wireless Communication Device Functioning as a Cellular    Telephone and Personal Digital Assistant”-   5. U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,584 issued Apr. 12, 2005, Thro et al.:    “Communication services through multiple service providers”-   6. U.S. Pat. No. 6,876,859 issued Apr. 5, 2005 Anderson, R. J. et    al.: “Method for Estimating TDOA and FDOA in a Wireless Location    System”-   7. U.S. Pat. No. 6,876,310 issued Apr. 5, 2005, Dunstan, R. A.:    “Method and apparatus to locate a device in a dwelling or other    enclosed space”-   8. U.S. Pat. No. 6,865,395 issued Mar. 8, 2005, Riley, W.: “Area    based position determination for terminals in a wireless network”-   9. U.S. Pat. No. 6,842,617 issued Jan. 11, 2005, Williams B. G.:    “Wireless Communication Device with Multiple External Communication    Links”-   10. U.S. Pat. No. 6,823,181 issued Nov. 23, 2004, Kohno et al.:    “Universal platform for software defined radio”-   11. U.S. Pat. No. 6,807,564 issued Apr. 12, 2005, Zellner et al.:    “Panic button IP device”-   12. U.S. Pat. No. 6,788,946 issued Sep. 7, 2004 Winchell, D. et al.:    “Systems and Methods for Delivering Information within a Group of    Communication System”-   13. U.S. Pat. No. 6,741,187 issued May 25, 2004, Flick, K.: “Vehicle    tracker providing vehicle alarm alert features and related methods”-   14. U.S. Pat. No. 6,711,440 issued Mar. 23, 2004, Deal et al.:    “MRI-compatible medical device with passive generation of optical    sensing signals” issued to Biophan Technologies, Inc.-   15. U.S. Pat. No. 6,424,867 issued Jul. 23, 2002, Snell et al.:    “Secure telemetry system and method for an implantable cardiac    stimulation device”, assigned to Pacesetter, Inc., Sylmar, Calif.-   16. U.S. Pat. No. 6,393,294 issued May 21, 2002 Perez-Breva et al.:    “Location determination using RF fingerprinting”-   17. U.S. Pat. No. 6,067,018 issued May 23, 2000 Skelton et al.:    “Lost Pet Notification System”-   18. U.S. Pat. No. 6,591,084 issued Jul. 8, 2003, Chuprun, et al.:    “Satellite based data transfer and delivery system”-   19. U.S. Pat. No. 6,772,063 Ihara et al.: “Navigation Device,    Digital Map Display System, Digital Map Displaying Method in    Navigation Device, and Program”, Issued Aug. 3, 2004.-   20. U.S. Pat. No. 6,775,254 Willenegger et al.: “Method and    Apparatus for Multiplexing High Speed Packet Data Transmission with    Voice/Data Transmission”, Issued Aug. 10, 2004.-   21. U.S. Pat. No. 6,748,021 Daly, N.: “Cellular radio communications    system” Issued Jun. 8, 2004.-   22. U.S. Pat. No. 6,775,371 Elsey et al.: “Technique for Effectively    Providing Concierge-Like Services in a Directory Assistance System”,    issued Aug. 10, 2004.-   23. U.S. Pat. No. 6,539,253 Thompson et al.: “Implantable medical    device incorporating integrated circuit notch filters”, issued Mar.    25, 2003-   24. U.S. Pat. No. 6,418,324 Doviak, et al.: “Apparatus and method    for transparent wireless communication between a remote device and    host system”, Jul. 9, 2002-   25. U.S. Pat. No. 6,128,330 Schilling; D. L.: “Efficient shadow    reduction antenna system for spread spectrum”, issued Oct. 3, 2000.-   26. U.S. Pat. No. 6,101,224, Lindoff et al.: “Method-apparatus for    linearly modulated signal using polar modulation” issued on Aug. 8,    2000-   27. U.S. Pat. No. 6,088,585 Schmitt, J. C., and Setlak; D. R.:    “Portable telecommunication device including a fingerprint sensor    and related methods”, issued on Jul. 11, 2000.-   28. U.S. Pat. No. 5,479,448, Seshadri, N.: “Method and Apparatus for    Providing Antenna Diversity”, issued on Dec. 26, 1995-   29. U.S. Pat. No. 5,430,416, issued on Jul. 4, 1995 Black et al.:    “Power amplifier having nested amplitude modulation controller and    phase modulation controller”-   30. U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,628, McDavid et al.: “Symbol Generator for    Phase Modulated Systems” issued on May 17, 1988-   31. U.S. Pat. No. 3,944,926, Feher, K.: “Timing Technique for NRZ    Data Signals”, issued Mar. 16, 1976.-   32. U.S. Pat. No. 4,339,724, Feher, K.: “Filter” issued Jul. 13,    1982.-   33. U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,839, Feher et al.: “Efficiency Data    Transmission Techniques”, issued Jan. 19, 1988.-   34. U.S. Pat. No. 4,350,879 Feher, K.: “Time Jitter Determining    Apparatus”, issued Sep. 21, 1982.-   35. U.S. Pat. No. 4,567,602 S. Kato, K. Feher: “Correlated Signal    Processor”, issued Jan. 28, 1986.-   36. U.S. Pat. No. 4,644,565 issued Feb. 17, 1987. J. Seo, K. Feher:    “Superposed Quadrature Modulated Baseband Signal Processor”-   37. U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,457 Issued Feb. 13, 1996: K. Feher:    “F-Modulation Amplification”-   38. U.S. Pat. No. 5,784,402 Issued Jul. 21, 1998: K. Feher: “FMOD    Transceivers Including Continuous and Burst Operated TDMA, FDMA,    Spread Spectrum CDMA, WCDMA and CSMA,”-   39. U.S. Pat. No. 6,445,749, Issued Sep. 3, 2002 K. Feher: “FMOD    Transceivers Including Continuous and Burst Operated TDMA, FDMA,    Spread Spectrum CDMA, WCDMA and CSMA,”-   40. U.S. Pat. No. 6,198,777 issued Mar. 6, 2001. K. Feher: “Feher    Keying (FK) Modulation and Transceivers Including Clock Shaping    Processors”-   41. U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,055 issued Sep. 3, 2002. K. Feher:    “Spectrally efficient FQPSK, FGMSK, and FQAM for enhanced    performance CDMA, TDMA, GSM, OFDN, and other systems”.-   42. U.S. Pat. No. 6,665,348, K. Feher: “System and Method for    Interoperable Multiple-Standard Modulation and Code Selectable    Feher's GMSK, Enhanced GSM, CSMA, TDMA, OFDM, and other    Third-Generation CDMA, WCDMA and B-CDMA” issued Dec. 16, 2003.-   43. U.S. Pat. No. 6,757,334 K. Feher: “Bit Rate Agile    Third-Generation wireless CDMA, GSM, TDMA and OFDM System”, issued    Jun. 29, 2004.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED U.S. PATENT APPLICATIONS

-   44. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/205,478 K. Feher:    “Modulation and Demodulation Format Selectable System”, filed Jul.    24, 2002. Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.    09/370,360 filed Aug. 9, 1999; and now U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,055;-   45. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/831,562 K. Feher: “Adaptive    Receivers for Bit Rate Agile (BRA) and Modulation Demodulation    (Modem) Format Selectable (MFS) Signals”, Continuation of    application Ser. No. 09/370,362 filed Aug. 9, 1999 and now U.S. Pat.    No. 6,757,334.-   46. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/831,724, filed on Apr. 24,    2004 K. Feher: “CDMA, W-CDMA, 3^(rd) Generation Interoperable Modem    Format Selectable (MFS) systems with GMSK modulated systems”,    [Continuation of Ser. No. 09/370,362 filed Aug. 9, 1999 and now U.S.    Pat. No. 6,757,334].-   47. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/732,953 Pub. No.:    2001/0016013 Published Aug. 23, 2001 K. Feher: “Ultra Efficient    Modulation and Transceivers”-   48. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/023,279 filed: Dec. 28, 2004    Feher, K. “BROADBAND, ULTRA WIDEBAND AND ULTRA NARROWBAND    RECONFIGURABLE INTEROPERABLE SYSTEMS”, claiming benefits of    Provisional Application “Ultra Wideband, Ultra Narrowband and    Reconfigurable Interoperable Systems” 60/615,678 filed Oct. 5, 2004-   49. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/023,254 filed: filed: Dec.    28, 2004; Feher, K. “DATA COMMUNICATION FOR WIRED AND WIRELESS    COMMUNICATION”-   50. U.S. patent Application No.: No. 11/102,896, Applicant Feher,    K., entitled: “HYBRID COMMUNICATION AND BROADCAST SYSTEMS” claiming    benefits of Provisional Application “Ultra Wideband, Ultra    Narrowband and Reconfigurable Interoperable Systems” 60/615,678    filed Oct. 5, 2004. submitted to the USPTO on Dec. 22, 2004 and    filed by USPTO on Mar. 28, 2005.-   51. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/105,295, Applicant Feher,    K., entitled: “OFDM, CDMA, SPREAD SPECTRUM, TDMA, CROSS-CORRELATED    AND FILTERED MODULATION” a continuation Application of U.S. patent    application Ser. No. 10/205,478 and of U.S. patent application Ser.    No. 09/370,360 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,055. This application was    Submitted to the USPTO on Apr. 11, 2005.-   52. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/023,279, Applicant Feher,    K., entitled: “BROADBAND, ULTRA WIDEBAND AND ULTRA NARROWBAND    RECONFIGURABLE INTEROPERABLE SYSTEMS”, filed Dec. 28, 2004, United    States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)-   53. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/102,896 Applicant Feher, K.,    entitled: “HYBRID COMMUNICATION AND BROADCAST SYSTEMS”. submitted to    the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on Dec. 22,    2004; filed by USPTO on Mar. 28, 2005-   54. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/023,254, Applicant Feher,    K., entitled: and entitled “DATA COMMUNICATION FOR WIRED AND    WIRELESS COMMUNICATION”, submitted to the United States Patent and    Trademark Office (USPTO) on Dec. 22, 2004-   55. U.S. patent reexamination application Ser. No. 90/007,305 of    U.S. Pat. No. 6,665,348 issued Dec. 16, 2003: “System and Method for    Interoperable Multiple-Standard Modulation and Code Selectable    Feher's GMSK, Enhanced GSM, CSMA, TDMA, OFDM, and other    Third-Generation CDMA, WCDMA and B-CDMA”. Parent patent application    Ser. No. 09/370,361. Reexamination application filed on Nov. 19,    2004

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED CO-PENDING U.S. PATENT APPLICATIONS

The following three (3) related U.S. patent applications, submitted byApplicant/Inventor Kamilo Feher, are co-pending:

-   56. U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,610, Ref. No.    (56), entitled “Location finder, tracker, communication and remote    control system”, submitted to the United States Patent and Trademark    Office (USPTO) on Aug. 3, 2005.-   57. U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,670, Ref. No.    (57), entitled “Medical diagnostic and communication system”,    submitted to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)    on Aug. 3, 2005.-   58. U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 11/197,609, Ref. No.    (58), entitled “Multimode communication system”, submitted to the    United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on Aug. 3, 2005.

CROSS REFERENCE TO PUBLICATIONS

-   59. 3GPP TS 25.213 V6.0.0 (2003-12) 3^(rd) Generation Partnership    Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network    Spreading and Modulation (FDD) (Release 6) 28 pages-   60. 3GPP TS 05.04 V8.4.0 (2001-11) Technical Specification Group    GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Digital cellular telecommunications    system (Phase 2+); Modulation (Release 1999); 3GPP: 3^(rd)    Generation Partnership Project; (10 pages)-   61. Brown, C., Feher, K: “A reconfigurable modem for increased    network capacity and video, voice, and data transmission over GSM    PCS”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video    Technology, pp: 215-224; Volume: 6, No. 2, April 1996 (10 pages)-   62. Brown, C. W.: “New Modulation and Digital Synchronization    Techniques for Higher Capacity Mobile and Personal Communications    Systems” Ph.D. Thesis University of California, Davis, Nov. 1, 1996    pp: i-vii; 138-190; 269-272; 288-289; 291.-   63. Brown, C., Feher, K.: “A Flexible Modem Structure for Increased    Network Capacity and Multimedia Transmission in GSM PCS”,    Proceedings of the Fifteenths Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE    Computer and Communication Societies (INFOCOM '96), 1996 (8 pages)-   64. Furuscar, A. et al.: “EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM and    TDMA/136 Evolution” IEEE Personal Communications, June, 1999, pp:    56-66.-   65. Qualcomm: “MSM 6275 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA    Technologies, San Diego, Calif., 2004 (8 pages)-   66. Qualcomm: “MSM 6300 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA    Technologies, San Diego, Calif., 2004 (8 pages)-   67. Baisa, N. “Designing wireless interfaces for patient monitoring    equipment”, RF Design Magazine April 2005, www.rfdesign.com (5    pages)-   68. Hickling, R. M.: “New technology facilitates true    software-defined radio” RF Design Magazine April 2005,    www.rfdesign.com (5 pages)-   69. Feher, K.: “Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation & Spread    Spectrum Applications”, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, N.J.    07458, Copyright 1995, Book ISBN No: 0-13-098617-8 (pages: front    page; copyright page; pp. 164-177; 461-471; and 475-483)-   70. Holma, H., Toskala, A.: “WCDMA for UMTS Radio Access for Third    Generation Mobile communications”, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons    Ltd. Chichester, West Sussex, England, Copyright 2002, ISBN    0-470-84467-1 (pages: front page; copyright page; pp. xv-xvi; 1-4;    90-95; 199-201; and 235-236)-   71. Tuttlebee, W.: “Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for    3G Handsets and Basestations”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester,    West Sussex, England, Copyright 2004, ISBN 0-470-86770-1. (pages:    front page; copyright page; pp. 1-3; 8-15; 34-39; and 274-279)-   72. Dobkin, D. M. and Wandinger, T.: “A Radio Oriented Introduction    to Radio Frequency Identification”—RFID Tutorial, High Frequency    Electronics, June 2005, Copyright 2005 Summit Technical Media (6    pages)-   73. Dale Setlak: “Fingerprint sensors in Wireless handsets” a    presentation at the EOEM Design Expo Jun. 22, 2005, Wireless OEM    Design Expo Online Conference & Exhibition,    http://www.reedbusinessinteractive.com/eoem/index.asp (38 pages)

ACRONYMS

To facilitate comprehension of the current disclosure frequently usedacronyms and or abbreviations used in the prior art and/or in thecurrent disclosure are highlighted in the following LIST of acronyms:

-   2G Second generation or 2^(nd) generation wireless or cellular    system-   3D three dimensional-   3G Third Generation or 3^(rd) generation wireless or cellular system-   4G Fourth Generation wireless or cellular system-   5G Fifth Generation or future generation-   AM Amplitude Modulation-   AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding-   ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation-   Bluetooth Wireless system standardized by the Bluetooth organization-   BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying-   BRA Bit Rate Agile or Bit Rate Adaptive-   BST Base Station Transceiver-   BWA Broadband Wireless Access-   CC cross-correlation or cross-correlate-   CCOR cross-correlation or cross-correlate-   CDMA Code Division Multiple Access-   CM Clock Modulated-   CS Code Selectable-   CSMA Collision Sense Multiple Access-   CL Clock Shaped-   DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunication-   DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid-   DS-SS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum-   EDGE Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution; Evolution of GSM or E-GSM-   EMI Electromagnetic Interference-   FA Frequency Agile (selectable or switched IF or RF frequency)-   FDM Frequency Division Multiplex-   FH-SS Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum-   FQPSK Feher's QPSK or Feher's patented QPSK-   FOC Fiber Optic Communication-   FSK Frequency Shift Keying-   GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying-   GPS Global Positioning System-   GPRS General Packet Radio Service-   GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying-   GSM Global Mobile System or Global System Mobile-   HDR Hybrid Defined Radio-   IEEE 802 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standard    Number 802-   IR Infrared-   LAN Local Are Network-   LINA Linearly amplified or Linear amplifier or linearized amplifier-   LR Long Response-   MES Modulation Embodiment Selectable-   MFS Modulation Format Selectable-   MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output-   MISO Multiple Input Single Output-   MMIMO Multimode Multiple Input Multiple Output-   MSDR Multiple Software Defined Radio-   NLA Non-Linearly Amplified or Non-Linear Amplifier-   NQM non-quadrature modulation-   NonQUAD non-quadrature modulator-   NRZ Non Return to Zero-   OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex-   OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access-   PDA Personal Digital Assistants-   PDD Position Determining Device-   PDE Position Determining Entity-   PTT push to talk-   QUAD Quadrature; also used for quadrature modulation-   quad Quadrature; also used for quadrature modulation-   QM Quadrature Modulation-   QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying-   RC Remote Control-   RFID Radio Frequency Identification    Rx receive-   SDR Software Defined Radio (SDR)-   SIMO Single Input Multiple Output-   STCS Shaped Time Constrained Signal-   MSDR Multiple Software Defined Radio-   TBD to be decided-   TCS Time Constrained Signal-   TDM Time Division Multiplex-   TDMA Time Division Multiple Access-   TR transceiver (transmitter-receiver)-   Tx transmit-   TV television-   UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System-   UNB Ultra narrowband or Ultra narrow band-   URC Universal Remote Control-   UWB Ultrawideband or ultra wideband-   UWN Ultrawideband-Ultra Narrow Band-   ViIP Video over Internet Protocol-   VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol-   W waveform, wavelet or wave (signal element)-   WAN Wide Area Network-   WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access-   W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access-   Wi Fi Wireless Fidelity or related term used for systems such as    IEEE 802.x_standardized systems; See also Wi-Fi-   Wi-Fi wireless fidelity-   WLAN Wireless Local Area Network-   www World Wide Web (or WWW or) WEB-   XCor cross-correlation or cross-correlator or cross-correlate

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The field of the invention includes wired and wireless communication,broadcasting, entertainment, remote control, medical diagnostics,emergency and alarm, interactive touch screen, fingerprint controlledcommunication and control systems for single or multimodecommunications, broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.

The disclosed subject matter is for multiuse and or multipurposeapplications, devices and systems, including systems for: positiondetermination, location finding based services and applications, remotecontrol, wireless, wired, cabled, internet, web based communicationsystems, communicator devices, radio frequency identification (RFID)systems with single or plurality of devices, emergency and other alarmsystems, medical patient monitor-sensor devices, medical diagnosticsdevices, fingerprint identification, fingerprint control, interactivecommunication or control of communications and control systems,communications, broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.

BACKGROUND

Prior art references disclose position location, tracking andcommunication devices. Exemplary prior art includes: U.S. Pat. No.6,865,395, U.S. Pat. No. 6,889,135, U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,584, U.S. Pat.No. 6,876,859, U.S. Pat. No. 6,876,310 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,842,617. Fromthe prior art it is known that it is often desired, and sometimesnecessary, to know the position, that is, the location of a wirelessuser. For example, the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) hasordered an enhanced emergency 911 (emergency 911 or enhanced emergencyE-911) wireless service that requires the location of a wirelessterminal (e.g., a cellular phone) to be provided to a Public SafetyAnswering Point (PSAP) each time a 911 call is made from the terminal.The recognized need for improved personal security and emergencyresponse capability has been documented in the prior art. In situationswhere an individual is injured, lost, or abducted, immediatenotification of an emergency situation including location of theemergency to a local law enforcement or emergency response organizationis required to maintain the safety of the individual and to mitigate oravoid severe and or tragic situations.

In addition to emergency situations, there is also a recognized need forimproved personal healthcare and in particular patient monitor and otherdiagnostic systems. Patients are often confined in a fixed area tocabled (or tethered) monitoring equipment. An illustrative, cited priorart reference, published by Baisa, N.: “Designing wireless interfacesfor patient monitoring equipment”, RF Design Magazine April 2005,highlights that recent advances in wireless technologies now make itpossible to free patients from their equipment, allowing greater freedomand even making possible monitoring by their health provider while thepatient is on the go. The position of a wireless terminal may beestimated using various techniques including “range-domain” and“position-domain” techniques as well as other techniques and/or combinedhybrid techniques.

Acronyms and abbreviations: several terms, acronyms and abbreviations,used in literature, including patents, journal papers, conferencepublications, books, published standards and reports have the sameand/or similar meaning as in the present application. In particular,terms acronyms and abbreviations, used in the prior art Feher et al.patents: U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,055 (the '055 patent), U.S. Pat. No.6,665,348, U.S. Pat. No. 6,757,334, U.S. Pat. No. 4,567,602 and U.S.Pat. No. 5,491,457 are often used in this document. To facilitatecomprehension of some of the terms used in the prior art literature,parts of the prior art '055 patent are reviewed in this application. Forother prior art terms, acronyms and abbreviations described in the citedreferences, the references contained in the cited references and otherprior art material are applicable.

Position determining devices (PDD), also designated as positiondetermining entities (PDE) and position determining transmitters meandevices and transmitters which generate and transmit signals used byreceivers and receive processors for location or position determinationand/or location or position estimation have been also described in theprior art.

Exemplary prior art single-chamber pacemaker and/or dual-chamberpacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation devices are described inexemplary cited U.S. Pat. No. 6,539,253 and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,907,291.

SUMMARY AND NEED FOR THIS INVENTION

Multiuse wireless communication applications, having extended coverage,improved performance, seamless interoperability, high speed operation,enhanced capacity, multipurpose, multi functionality, multi-mode andmulti-standard interoperability are highly desired. The currentapplication discloses multiuse and or multipurpose applications, devicesand systems, including systems for: position determination, locationfinding based services and applications, remote control, wireless,wired, cabled, internet, web based communication systems, communicatordevices, radio frequency identification (RFID) systems with single orplurality of devices, emergency and other alarm systems, medical patientmonitor-sensor devices, medical diagnostics devices, fingerprintidentification, fingerprint control, interactive communication orcontrol of communications and control systems, communications,broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.

Most multi-media and video services require bandwidths and or othermultiuse capabilities that transcend the capabilities of currentlyoperational second generation 2G and or third generation 3G cellularservice providers. Hence, many wide bandwidth applications and servicesthat are rapidly evolving, for example, on the Internet, have not todate readily and widely accessible cellular and cellularinterconnections to mobile wireless users via wireless local areanetworks (WLAN) and/or other wideband networks. New systems and end userdevices or units are being contemplated that provide for or include,respectively, high bandwidth short range networking capabilities, usingWLAN technologies such as IEEE 802.x_ or Bluetooth. These links mayallow mobile handsets to establish internet attachments when theyapproach a network access point (NAP). These WLAN based systems maycreate an opportunity for these untethered devices to enjoy highbandwidth services, once reserved for fixed devices. However, the WLANsystems only provide short range coverage, are not widely deployed, ordo not provide for user mobility and hence are not generally suitable ofproviding enhanced services for mobile users over a wide area. It isdesirable to develop multiuse, multi-mode, multi standard interoperabletechnologies which integrate the capabilities of cellular, infrared(IR), satellite, wide area network (WAN) and WLAN systems to providecomplete end to-end enhanced services. This can be achieved bymodulation format selectable (MFS) and bit rate agile (BRA) multi-mode,multiuse interoperable systems. Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems andWi-Fi embodiments are included and integrated with other implementationarchitectures in the current disclosure. The terms Wi-Fi or wirelessfidelity or related terms, used in this application, are for systemssuch as IEEE 802.x_ standardized systems and are to be used genericallywhen referring of any type of 802.11 network, whether IEEE 802.11b,802.11a, 802.16, 802.20 dual-band, etc. The term Wi-Fi is also used aspromulgated by the Wi-Fi Alliance and has also broader interpretations;alternative terms to Wi-Fi, such as UWB/W-USB, ZigBee, NFC and WiMax arealso used and included in the embodiments of this invention.

Nowadays it is not unusual that an individual has a cellular phone, apager, about three or more remote control (RC) devices e.g. one or moreRC for one or more television sets, for VCR, for satellite channel TVset, garage opener, car opener, portable FM radio, video camcorder,computer, PDA, multiple cordless phones and other electronic devices. Itis overwhelming just to keep track of all of these devices. Thus,consolidation or integration of many devices, units into onemultipurpose or multiuse unit would be desirable.

To enable the implementation of efficient multiuse communication devicesfor single or multiple information signals and communications betweenand within multiple standardized and a multitude of non-standardizedsystems, between a large class of communication and controltransmission-reception media, such as wireless (e.g. cellular, landmobile, satellite), cable, Fiber Optics Communication (FOC), internet,intranet and other media there is a need to have adaptable or agilesystems and adaptable embodiment structures. Such structures includingIntermediate Frequency (IF) and or Radio Frequency (RF) agile, Bit RateAgile or Bit Rate Adaptable (BRA), Modulation Format Selectable (MFS)and or Modulation Embodiment Selectable (MES) systems are disclosed. Themultiuse modulator-demodulator (modem) and or modulator and ordemodulator implementations, disclosed in this application, haveIntermediate Frequency (IF) and or Radio Frequency (RF) agile, that isIF adaptable and or RF adaptable embodiments. In IF and or RF adaptableor IF and or RF agile systems the center frequency of the modulatedsignal(s) is selectable and or adaptable to the desired transmissionfrequency band. The RF transmitter-receiver (transceiver) embodimentsare also RF agile implementations. Several features of the multiuseembodiments are optional and are not included in some implementationstructures. Some of these include the optional Bit Rate Agile or BitRate Adaptable (BRA) structures and or RF agile implementations and orcross-correlated and or other structures and or features. There is aneed for one or more of the modulators, in certain embodiments to haveBRA and or Code Selectable and or MFS and or MES implementations. Theterm Modulation Format Selectable (MFS), as used in this application isdefined to mean that the modulation technique (modulation format) isadaptable, changeable (selectable) and also that the coding technique,if coding is used in the system is also adaptable, changeable(selectable) in certain embodiments. In some disclosed embodiments thesame modulation format and same bit rate is used, however the modulationembodiment is different. For example, in an application a GMSK modulatedsystem uses a Quadrature Modulation (QM) structure for low transmitpower applications, while for a high transmit power application it usesa non-quadrature modulation (NQM), e.g. polar implementation structure.Thus, in this example the same GMSK modulation format, having the samebit rate (or a different bit rate) is switched (or selected) to betransmitted instead in the QM embodiment in a NQM embodiment.

The disclosed subject matter is for multiuse and or multipurposeapplications, devices and systems, including systems for: positiondetermination, location based services and applications, locationfinding, tracking, single or multiple tracking, Remote Control (RC),Universal Remote Control (URC), wireless, wired, cabled, interne, webbased communication systems, communicator devices, radio frequencyidentification (RFID) systems with single or plurality of devices,emergency and other alarm systems, medical patient monitor-sensordevices, diagnostics units and systems, Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA)systems, fingerprint identification, fingerprint control and or usingDNA samples for interactive communication or control of certaincommunications and control systems, cardiac stimulation devices, systemshaving push to talk (PTT) options, interactive touch screen controlledcommunication and control systems for single or multimodecommunications, broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.

The presented implementations and embodiments are for single andmultiple devices in single and multiple mode systems and networks.Location finding, tracking and identification of devices, includingprocessing of certain measured parameters or diagnostics results (viasensors, such as motion detectors, body temperature, blood pressure orother devices) are communicated to devices and units which might be atcentral locations and or are peers of the monitored located device andare also mobile units, e.g. mobile telephones, mobile computers such asPersonal Digital Assistants (PDA) or laptop computers, mobileentertainment or educational devices, or mobile navigational andinteractive devices, or are units at fixed locations, e.g. wiredtelephones or computers. Interactive location based and educational andor entertainment devices and systems for mobile wireless and or wiredmedia or internet web media information transfer and telematics andtelemetry are also included. Regarding images, pictures and video andscanned or stored images and pictures three dimensional (3D) images areincluded in the communications units. Certain devices have incorporatedtouch screens for control or communication or interaction with thecommunication and or display devices.

Multimode, multiuse system operation, multi-purpose diagnostics, patientmonitoring, multi purpose systems, including connections of multi modedevices to allow users communication and control with interoperableconnected cellular Global Mobile System (GSM), Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi)systems devices or phones to roam from wide area to local area wirelessnetworks and vice versa, with location finder seamless operation andwired or internet web based monitoring signal processing implementationsare presented. These systems, in certain applications are connected tocordless telephones and or other cordless devices. The term signalprocessing refers to signal and or data processing. This applicationincludes multi operation and multi function of a plurality ofembodiments of one or more of the following system components: single ormultiple location finder, location tracker devices, position finderdevices (note the terms “location finder”, “location tracker” and“position finder” have in several parts of this disclosure practicallythe same meaning), Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID),connected with single or multiple Bit Rate Agile (BRA), and singlemodulation or Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) satellite and/or landbased devices. These multiuse system components assembled in one or morecombinations and variations, also known as “plug and play”, aredisclosed for operation in standardized systems, e.g. GSM, GeneralPacket Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), orEvolution of GSM (E-GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), WidebandCode Division Multiple Access (WCDMA or W-CDMA), Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplex (OFDM), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), IEEE802.xx, Digital European Cordless Telecommunication (DECT), Infrared(IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and other standardized aswell as non-standardized systems. While, prior art wireless short rangesystems such as the standardized Bluetooth system provide connection tocell phone systems the prior art short range systems do not provideconnection to selectable enhanced performance multi-standard,multi-mode, Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and Bit Rate Selectablesystems (also designated as Bit Rate Agile (BRA) systems) and cascadedwireless, wired and Internet Protocol (IP) and embodiments, such asdescribed and claimed in this invention. This application includesembodiments and architectures for more efficient implementation and ofenhanced performance second generation (2G), third generation (3G),fourth generation (4G) and fifth generation (5G) and other newgenerations of wireless and broadcast, processing, storage, medicaldiagnostics-communications and control, interactive entertainment andeducational and business systems with or without use of internet and/ormultimedia systems. The terms 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G have a broad genericmeaning and are not limited to certain specific standards. These termsare interpreted, within the new inventions disclosed herein, as newgeneration and or enhanced performance or more efficient implementationof prior art systems.

In addition to finding lost, runaway or kidnapped humans, lost, runawayor stolen pets/animals or objects, several medical applications forpatient monitoring with multi-mode wireless, wired and internet systemsare also disclosed in this application. For surgery, other medicalprocedures and medical patient monitoring and diagnostics, hybrid wiredand wireless or purely wireless systems which reduce or eliminate thecables and wires attached to human body are also described. Videobroadcasting, multicasting and video conferencing technologies, inconjunction with the aforementioned technologies are also disclosed.Language translators with written and audio converted text arepresented. Voice recognition systems and fingerprint recognitiontransmission and activation methods are disclosed.

To remove or minimize cables for patient monitoring systems newarchitectures, structures and embodiments for multi mode, multistandard, non standardized wireless, wired, cabled, infrared, multiple“cascaded” switched and combined solutions and systems are presented inthis disclosure. This include cascade of cellular i.e. GSM or GSMswitched to CDMA systems, with short range wireless systems, one ormultiple such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or other. Motivation for reducing thenumber of cables include, the desire to eliminate the cumbersome cablesconnected to the patient, facilitate the surgery, and facilitate andspeed up the patient recovery, enabling the patient to move, exerciseand improve the quality of life of the patient during surgery, recoveryand post recovery monitoring and shorten emergency time responseincluding a remote physician, nurse or other authorized health provider,in a reverse link to control-administer certain medical-pharmaceuticalitems, e.g. insulin or other; also to eliminate or reduce cable causedpotentially harmful currents to the patient. The term reverse link meansthe link (signal flow) from the physician, nurse or other authorizedhealth provider to the patient or patients medical device; the termforward link refers to the link from the patients medical device, e.g.from the cardiac stimulation device to the physician, nurse or otherauthorized health provider or health monitoring system.

The prior art pacemaker control requires magnet detection circuit formagnet controlled pacemaker parameters. Unfortunately this magnetdependent operation/change of parameters of pacemakers is in many casescausing difficulties and or even rendering impossible to have MagneticResonance Imaging (MRI), and/or Magnetic Resonance Image scanning on apatient who has a pacemaker. Since MRI is a frequently desireddiagnostic procedure for diagnostic purposes, even in an emergency wherethe information from the MRI scan could be life saving, and since MRIinterferes with the correct operation of currently available magneticdetection-magnetic controlled based pacemakers, it would be highlydesirable to develop a new generation of pacemakers which could beoperated and controlled without substantial magnetic materials, i.e.without the need of magnet based detection and magnet control.In distinction with the prior art magnet detection circuit, in thecurrent invention there is no need for magnet detection circuits and noneed for magnet's to be placed over or into the pacemaker to reset ormodify parameters and functions/operation of the pacemaker. In thecurrent invention magnetic detection and magnet control of pacemaker isreplaced by wireless signal detection and based on the detected wirelesssignals and processing of said wireless detected signals (received froma physician operated wireless transmitter) control signals are generatedto control the parameters and operation of the pacemaker.

Wireless systems authentication with fingerprint and or other means isalso disclosed.

In this application the terms “multiuse” and or “multipurpose” mean thatone or more of the aforementioned applications, systems, systemarchitectures and or embodiments or combinations of the aforementionedsystem components are used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures

FIG. 1 shows implementation structures for single and or multiplecommunications systems, including single and or multiple location orposition finder systems, Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID),medical diagnostics, emergency and remote control systems.

FIG. 2 is a structure of a multi mode location and multi-modecommunication system, including wireless, wired (or cabled) andinternet-web based connections with single or multiple communicationlinks and or communication transceivers (T/R) and or communication andcontrol units.

FIG. 3 is a structure of a system having single or a plurality ofselectable Position Determining Entity (PDE), Base Station Controller(BSC), Terminal (Subscriber Unit) Base Station Transceiver Subsystem(BTS) devices.

FIG. 4 shows embodiments and structures for systems and networkscontaining Multiple Position Determining Entity (PDE), Base StationController (BSC) units, Terminal or Subscriber Unit (SU) and BaseStation Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) units.

FIG. 5 represents implementation architectures and structures for singleor multiple receiver and single or multiple transmitter signals,including location or position finder signals, from one or moreantennas.

FIG. 6 is represents a generic prior art transmitter and receiver(transceiver or T/R), disclosed in Feher's U.S. Pat. No. 6,665,348 (the'348 patent).

FIG. 7 shows prior art cross-correlated signals, and in particularin-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signal patterns-displayed in thetime domain.

FIG. 8 presents prior art measured cross-correlated in-phase (I) andquadrature-phase (Q) baseband signals of a GMSK modulator, with BTb=0.3,specified for GSM systems.

FIG. 9 shows Quadrature and Non Quadrature Architectures with one ormore processors, and or single or multiple modulators and antennas.

FIG. 10 is a multiple BRA and MFS transmitter architecture with one ormore processors, modulators and amplifiers, antennas and interfaceconnection(s) to wired or cabled or other transmission media.

FIG. 11 a is a new implementation architecture and block diagram of amultiple communication link, also designated as a cascaded link, or asystem having cascaded units which inter operate in a sequence formultimode operated wireless and or wired and internet systems includingfixed location systems and mobile systems.

FIG. 11 b shows an exemplary prior art quadrature modulator.

FIG. 12 is an embodiment of an RF head end (alternatively designated asRF subsystem or RF part) which is co-located with the baseband and orIntermediate Frequency (IF) processing units, or is at a remotelocation.

FIG. 13 represents an alternative embodiment of a multi mode BRA and MFSsystem connected to single or multitude of wireless, wired, cabled orfiber optic communication (FOC) connected and or internet or mobileinternet web based systems.

FIG. 14 is an embodiment of a multi-mode, multi bit rate system, withBRA, MFS and code selectable OFDM, WCDMA, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, WLAN, infrared,Bluetooth and or other spread spectrum or continuous data systems.

FIG. 15 is an adaptive Radio Frequency (RF) wave generator, RFprocessor, radio and modulator structure.

FIG. 16 is a multimode, multipurpose system embodiment for numerousapplications, including signal processing and storage, medicaldiagnostics, broadcasting entertainment, educational and alarm systemfor seamless adaptive communications, emergency reporting, locationfinding and remote control embodiments.

FIG. 17 a is a Non-quadrature (non-QUAD) and quadrature modulation (QuadMod or QUAD mod) multiple modulator embodiment, including polarmodulator structures.

FIG. 17 b shows a polar (non Quadrature) exemplary prior art modulatorimplementation block diagram.

FIG. 17 c a Non-Quadrature (non-QUAD) exemplary prior art modulatorarchitecture is illustrated.

FIG. 18 represents multi-mode location receiver connections tomulti-mode or to single mode wireless transmitters.

FIG. 19 is a Software Defined Radio (SDR), Multiple SDR (MSDR) andHybrid Defined Radio (HDR) transmitter and receiver embodiment, withsingle or multiple processors, single and or multiple RF amplifiers andantennas and single or multiple SDR and or non-SDR implementationarchitectures.

FIG. 20 shows interface and or processor units, set of modulators,amplifiers, selection devices and or combiner devices which provide RFsignals to the transmission medium.

FIG. 21 is an embodiment of a single or multiple transmitterarchitecture using single or multiple transmitters; the multipletransmitter implementations are also designated as a diversitytransmitter.

FIG. 22 shows a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system.

FIG. 23 is a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple InputMultiple Output (MIMO), and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)embodiment having one or multiple RF interface points and or one ormultitude of antennas.

FIG. 24 represents an antenna array implementing Multiple Input MultipleOutput (MIMO) and or Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) and or MultipleInput Single Output (MISO) communication, position finding andbroadcasting transmission-reception system, including transmit antennadiversity and receive antenna diversity systems.

FIG. 25 shows Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio(HDR) systems for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and or SingleInput Multiple Output (SIMO) and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO),including diversity systems.

FIG. 26 is an information monitoring processing and communicationsystem. This system in certain application includes a patient monitorand diagnostic system.

FIG. 27 depicts a Universal System including one or multiple RemoteControl or Universal Remote Control (URC) devices, including wired orwireless devices.

FIG. 28 shows a test and measurement instrumentation system within awireless multi-mode system.

FIG. 29 is an implementation architecture of single or multiple cellularphones, or of other mobile devices, communicating with single ormultiple Base Station Transceiver (BST) having single or plurality ofantennas.

FIG. 30 represents an implantable cardiac stimulation device, a heartand a block diagram of a single-chamber and or a dual-chamber pacemakerwith single or multiple wireless communications and control systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In this section, the present invention is more fully described withreference to the accompanying drawings in which preferred embodiments ofthe invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied inmany different forms and should not be construed as limited to theillustrated embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments areprovided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and willfully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

One or more devices (alternatively designated as units, elements,systems, terminals, devices, leads or connections) are optional in theembodiments. The elements may be interconnected and or used in variousconfigurations. In the figures and relevant descriptions of the figures,as well as in the specifications of this disclosure, some of the unitsor elements are optional and are not required for certain applications,embodiments and or structures. In this document the term “signal” hasthe most generic meaning used in the prior art and includes electrical,acoustical, infrared, X-ray, fiber optics, light sound, position,altitude, diagnostics, beat, density, and other sensor or device orhuman being or animal or object generated or processed waveforms,images, pictures, symbols, wavelets, wave shapes and analog or digitalor “hybrid” analog and digital signals.

FIG. 1 shows implementation structures for single and or multiplecommunications systems, including single and or multiple location orposition finder systems, Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID),medical diagnostics, emergency communication and remote control systemsconnected with single or multiple Bit Rate Agile (BRA), and singlemodulation or Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) cellular, other mobilewireless, satellite and/or land based devices for Global Mobile System(GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSMEvolution (EDGE), or Evolution of GSM (E-GSM), Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA or W-CDMA),Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM), Time Division MultipleAccess (TDMA), IEEE 802.xx, Digital European Cordless Telecommunication(DECT), Infrared (IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and otherstandardized as well as non-standardized systems. In particular, FIG. 1is an embodiment of interface units, processors, transmitters andreceivers (also designated as transceivers or TR), single or multiplecommunication and or broadcast devices, location finder, location,position finder and tracking devices and processors, connected throughselectors or combiners with single or multiple transceivers,communication systems entertainment devices, educational systems and ormedical devices, e.g. patient monitor devices and or sensors connectedto one or more communication systems. Interface Unit 1.1 is a device orpart of a communication system and or part of location finder orlocation tracking or location positioning system or processor, forexample part of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver or aninterface to a GPS receiver or other location finder or tracking deviceor a sensor, signal detector and processor of acoustic (e.g. voice,sound, music) signals, video and/or visual and/or image signals (movingvideo, still photographs, X-Ray pictures, telemetry signals),temperature (e.g. human body temperature, animal's body temperature,temperature of an object), electrical signal, Radio FrequencyIdentification Devices (RFID) received or generated signal, infrared,X-ray and or of other signals, parameters generated by sensors orobtained from any other sources. Unit 1.1 may contain sensors for heartbeat, strength, pulse rate, glucose, arterial blood gas sensors, insulinsensors or monitors and or other medical devices. Unit 1.1 may alsocontain sensors and medical apparatus or devices connected to a patientduring a surgery, or post surgery for patient monitoring. Unit 1.1 maycontain only one of the mentioned elements, or more of theaforementioned elements. Unit 1.1 may contain certain combinationsand/or variations of the devices described in this section. In someother embodiments Unit 1.1 is a simple interface unit to connect signalsfrom a signal source and or from multiple sources to and or from thecommunication medium. The term “signal source” or “source” includes abroad class of signal sources, signal processors and or signalgenerators, including speech, audio, video, picture, display, datastorage, information processors and other devices which generate,contain or process signals. Implementation of interface Unit 1.1consists of a connection device (such as a wire or cable or part ofcircuit or connection to an antenna or an electronic or acoustical orinfrared or laser coupler or connector, or an electronic or electricalcircuit) or a combination of one or more devices. Interface Unit 1.1 maybe a simple interface for video or television (TV), or digital camera(digital photo camera or digicam) signals or interface unit for asequence of images or other visual signals such as photographs, scannedimages or processors or devices of visual signals and or stored andprogrammable music—such as contained in prior art portable music playersor integrated prior art MP3 players, with or without prior art WindowsMobile smartphone software, computer, entertainment, games, interactivevideo games with or without location finders, location finders with orwithout radio FM/AM or digital radio or other radio or televisionbroadcast signals. In one of the implementations Unit 1.1 contains theweb or WEB or the World Wide Web, shortly web or www, Mobile Web accessfrom mobile devices. Unit 1.1 contains in some of the embodiments a pushto talk (PTT) processor. The signal or plurality of different type ofsignals is connected to one or more transceivers (TR) contained in Unit1.2. The term transceiver refers to one or multiple transmitters andreceivers and also to one or multiple receivers and transmitters.Specifically, the TR, Unit 1.2 may include one or multiple entiretransceivers or could consist of one or multiple receivers or one ormultiple transmitters. Unit 1.2 (also designated as Element 1.2 orDevice 1.2) could be one or multiple Bluetooth (BT), infrared (IR),other wireless, e.g. satellite or cable, or wired transceiver(s), orpart of a transceiver(s). Unit 1.3 is a signal splitter or signalselector device or connection which selects or combines and connects theElement 1.2 provided signals (one or more signals) to one or morecommunication systems or subsystems contained in communicator devicesUnit 1.4, Unit 1.5, and Unit 1.6. The communicator devices Unit 1.4,Unit 1.5, and Unit 1.6 are parts or entire GSM, CDMA or Wireless LocalArea Network (WLAN) or other wired, cabled or wireless devicesrespectively. Systems components in Unit 1.6, designated as “OFDM orother”, are assembled in one or more combinations and variations, alsoknown as “plug and play” and are for operation in single or multiplestandardized systems, e.g. GSM, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), or Evolution of GSM (E-GSM), CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access(WCDMA or W-CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM), TimeDivision Multiple Access (TDMA), IEEE 802.xx, Digital European CordlessTelecommunication (DECT), Infrared (IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi),Bluetooth, and other standardized as well as non-standardized systems.One or more of the FIG. 1 components could be Modulation FormatSelectable (MFS) and or Bit Rate Agile (BRA) systems. Signal selector orsignal combiner Unit 1.7 provides the selected or combined signals toone or plurality antennas, shown as Unit 1.8 a or other signal interfaceunits which provide the selected or combined signals to the wireless orwired, or cabled, or internet medium, such as web (or WEB) or www,represented by Unit 1.8 b. Single or plurality of signals are receivedon single or multiple antennas 1.11 a and or on single or multipleinterface points 1.11 b and are provided to Splitter or switch Unit 1.12for connecting one or more of the received signal(s) to communicationdevices, Unit 1.13, Unit 1.14, and/or Unit 1.15, respectively. Unit 1.15is the receiver section of the transmitted signals of Unit 1.6,designated as OFDM or other. In other embodiments Unit 1.15 is receiversection of other signals, such as OFDM, infrared, WI-Fi, TDMA, FDMA,telemetry WLAN, WMAN, GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, or other signals or acombination of one or more of such signals. Signal selector or signalcombiner Unit 1.16, provides one or multiple signals to interface orprocessor Unit 1.17. In some of the implementations, structures andarchitectures Units 1.6 and Unit 1.15 contain one or more of thefollowing devices: interface devices, processors, modulators,demodulators, transmitters, receivers, splitters, combiners for one ormore of OFDM, infrared, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, TDMA, FDMA, FDM, telemetry,RFID, WLAN, MLAN, cellular systems, cable, wireless web, wirelessinternet or other wired or internet systems.

In the transmitter part, shown in the upper part of FIG. 1, and also inthe receiver part, illustrated in the lower part of FIG. 1, theselection or combing of signals is under the control of processors andor programs and/or manual control. The selection or combing of signalsis not shown in FIG. 1. Interface and or processor Unit 1.17 interfacesto and or processes one or more of the received signals and may providecontrol signals to the receiver and also to the transmitter. Blockarrows Unit 1.9 and Unit 1.10 designate signal and control path and orphysical connections for processing and/or control of parts of theelements shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 is a structure of a multi mode location and multi-modecommunication system, including wireless, wired (or cabled) andinternet—web based connections with single or multiple communicationlinks and or communication transceivers (T/R) and or communication andcontrol units. One or more antennas Unit 2.1, Unit 2.2, Unit 2.3 andUnit 2.4, transmit or receive one or more signals. On block arrow Unit2.5 one or more other signals are connected to the or from the single ormultiple transceivers. Unit 2.6 is an interface unit or single ormultiple transceivers connected to the signal transmission or signalreception medium. The signals from or to Unit 2.6 are connected with thesingle or multiple communication link, Unit 2.8. Interface Unit 2.17through connections 2.16, 2.18, 2.19, 2.20, 2.21 and communication andcontrol Unit 2.10 process signals and provide communication and controlsignals from or to antenna Units 2.11, 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, interface Unit2.15, interface connection Unit 2.17, antenna Units 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4and interface connection Unit 2.5. All antenna units and connections 2.5and connections 2.15 provide duplex (bi directional) signal transfers.Units 2.6 and 2.8 are in “cascade”, i.e. they are connected to eachother in a sequence. Communication and Control Unit 2.10 may alsooperate in cascade with one or more of Unit 2.6 or 2.8. In otherembodiments, one or more of the units, shown in FIG. 2, are connected inparallel or a star or mesh network, or other configurations.

FIG. 3 is a structure of a system having single or a plurality ofselectable Position Determining Entity (PDE), Base Station Controller(BSC), Terminal (Subscriber Unit) Base Station Transceiver Subsystem(BTS) devices. While the cited prior art, such as Riley's U.S. Pat. No.6,865,395 Ref. 8, Qualcomm CDMA Technologies' MSM 6275 and Qualcomm CDMATechnologies' MSM 6300 chipset solution Ref. 65 and Ref. 66 disclosesystem and network operations of PDE, BSC, BTS and subscriber units, theprior art does not disclose nor anticipate the structures andconnections of multi-mode, multi-purpose MFS systems operated incascaded and or parallel, star or mesh configurations, selectable singleor multiple single structures such as disclosed and claimed in thisapplication. The term cascaded or cascade refers to units or device'soperated in a sequence or in parallel with each others. FIG. 3 includesprocessing of Receiver or Location Finder Signals, e.g. GPS signals andor land line and or web-internet information signals and it includesTransmit Section of Multiple Communicator Devices. Elements (alsodesignated as Units or Devices) 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16 and 3.18 aresingle or multiple antennas which receive and or transmit signals fromto a Position Determining Entity (PDE) transmitter or to one or moreBase Station Transceivers (BTS) devices and/or to subscriber units,including peer to peer direct communication between subscribers. In someof the implementations transmitters of PDE signals include one or moresatellite systems, such as GPS satellites, cellular base stations,wireless base stations or other wireless transmitters such as cellularphones PDA wireless transmitters, Remote Control (RC) transmitters,infrared or any other transmitters. Units 3.1 and 3.3 are interfaceunits and or front end ports respectively, for reception of the PDEsignals from the antennas, from infrared transmitters, from lasertransmitters and or from wired connections or from the internet. Wiredconnections include fiber optics, copper, cable and any otherconnection. In some embodiments the Position Determining Entity (PDE)front end is a Remote Front end while in other cases it is co-locatedwith the entire receiver. Units 3.2 and 3.4 are one or a plurality ofBase Station Controller (BSC) units, designated as units BSC-1 to BSC-N.The BSC units control signals of the Base Station Transceiver Subsystem(BTS) units 3.7, 3.10, 3.12, 3.13, 3.15 and 3.17. Signal reception andor signal processing and or signal transmission by the antenna units orsets of antenna units 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16 and or 3.18 iscontrolled by one or more BSC units or by controller devices located inthe Base Station Transceivers (BTS), or by control devices locatedoutside of these units.

FIG. 4 shows embodiments and structures for systems and networkscontaining Multiple Position Determining Entity (PDE), also designatedas Position Determining Device (PDD), location tracker, location finderor position finder devices, Base Station Controller (BSC) units andTerminal or Subscriber Unit (SU) Base Station Transceiver Subsystem(BTS) units. Remote Control (RC), Universal Remote Control (URC),wireless, wired, cabled, internet, web based communication systems andcommunicator devices, radio frequency identification (RFID) systems withsingle or plurality of devices, emergency and other alarm systems,medical patient monitor-sensor devices, diagnostics units and systems,Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) systems, fingerprint identification,fingerprint control and or using DNA samples for interactivecommunication or control of certain communications and control systemsand systems having push to talk (PTT) options are included in some ofthe embodiments. Each unit may contain interface unit and or processorunit, memory, communication port, single or multiple modulator ortransmitter(s) and single or multiple receivers and or demodulators withor without single or multiple switching selection devices and/or signalcombining and splitting devices. Communications, telematics, telemetry,video broadcasting and or point to point video transmission,transmission of audio and or data and or video to mobile units isembodied by the implementation of single or multiple Bit Rate Agile(BRA), and single modulation format and or multimode Modulation FormatSelectable (MFS), single bit rate and or multiple bit rate and or BitRate Agile (BRA) systems, such as enhanced performance or new features,new applications and new embodiment based GSM, General Packet RadioService (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), or Evolution ofGSM (E-GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CodeDivision Multiple Access (WCDMA or W-CDMA), Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplex (OFDM), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), IEEE802.xx, Digital European Cordless Telecommunication (DECT), Infrared(IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and other standardized aswell as non-standardized systems, disclosed in this application. Units4.1, 4.3 and 4.5 contain single or Multiple Position Determining Entity(PDE) devices, while Units 4.2, 4.4 and 4.6 are single or multiple BTSdevices. Units 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 are single or multiple transmit and orreceive or transmit/receive antennas embodied as single band or multipleband antenna systems. Units 4.14, 4.16 and 4.18 are terminals, alsodesignated as subscriber units (SU). In certain implementations the SUcontain the PDE or position finder or location finder or locationtracker unit, or RFID units. The BTS devices or BTS units communicatedirectly with the SC devices (units); in other applications some SCunits communicate with other SC units without the use of BTS devices(also designated as BTS units). Block arrows 4.10, 4.11 and 4.12 showcommunication links between BTS, PDE and SC units and combinations ofunits, without the need to have all units in the network.

FIG. 5 represents implementation architectures and structures for singleor multiple receiver and single or multiple transmitter signals,including location or position finder signals, e.g. wireless signals,cellular signals, GPS signals received from one or more satellites orfrom one or more ground (terrestrial) based single or plurality ofantennas, Units 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.15 and 5.16 or land line or world wideweb (www) signals received by connections or interface units 5.4 and5.14 which interface and or receive signals from Transmit Section ofMultiple Communicator Devices. Multiple Position Determining Entity(MPDE) is also designated as Position Determining Device (PDD). ThePosition Determining Entity (PDE) ports/units 5.5 and 5.17, in certaincases are part of the entire receivers while in other cases areimplemented at separate locations from other parts of the receivers anddesignated as remote RF front ends. In addition to the PDE ports, otherunits of the receiver are located at remote locations, from thesubsequent parts of the receivers. Units 5.1 to 5.23 constitute parts oftwo receivers. Each unit is optional and not all units are required forthe operation of the system. Units 5.6 and 5.18 are Band Pass Filter(BPF), Units 5.7 and 5.19 are amplifiers, Units 5.8 and 5.20 are signalmultipliers (also known as mixers) for signal down conversion and Units5.9 and 5.21 are frequency synthesizers or oscillators which providesignals to the mixers. Units 5.10, 5.22 and 5.11, 5.23 are demodulatorsand signal processors which provide, through an optional signal combineror signal selector, Unit 5.12, demodulated and processed single ormultiple output signals to connection lead 5.13. In direct radiofrequency (RF) to baseband conversion receivers, or any other directconversion receivers, including certain Software Defined Radio (SDR)implementations several aforementioned units are not used in theimplementations. Units 5.24 to 5.40 are elements or devices of single orplurality of transmit sections of one or more transmitters of one ormore communicator devices. Software Defined Radio (SDR) systemsconcepts, principles, SDR architectures and SDR technologies have beendescribed in the prior art, including in the cited reference bookTuttlebee, W.: “Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for 3GHandsets and Basestations”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester,England, ISBN 0-470-86770-1, Copyright 2004. On single or multiple inputconnections or leads 5.24 single or multiple signals are received fromone or more input signal sources, signal processors, sensors, detectiondevices or other systems; these input signals or signal sources includeone or more of the following signals obtained from: Video to mobilevideo transmitters, Video over Internet Protocol (ViIP), Voice overInternet Protocol (VoIP), wireless systems including GSM, GPRS, TDMA,WCDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM),infrared (IR), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, wired systems, cable connected systemsand or a combination of wired/wireless and or internet web basedsystems, including mobile web, or mobile internet based systems. Thesignal or signals on connection lead 5.24, in certain implementations ofFIG. 5, consist of one or more of the following signals, further alsoshown in FIG. 16 as elements 16.1 to 16.13 and 16.15: location trackerUnit 16.1, remote control (RC) or universal remote control (URC) Unit16.2, video, digital video or video game Unit 16.3, digital camera,photo camera, scanner X-ray or any other image Unit 16.4, emergency oralarm signals or detector signals or diagnosis signals (such as obtainedfrom medical sensors or devices) Unit 16.5, voice, music,recorded/stored music, sound recording, dictation recorded signals Unit16.6, telemetry and/or diagnostics telemetry or space telemetry or othertelemetry or telematics signals Unit 16.7, fingerprint or other personalidentification and/or other signals, such as Deoxyribose nucleic acid(DNA) information and/or generated or obtained or processed signals fromDNA samples. In this application the term DNA refers to customary priorart dictionary definitions of DNA such as: Deoxyribose nucleic acid(DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructionsspecifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (andmany viruses), In this application the term DNA refers also to moregeneric DNA definitions and to generic medical diagnostics anddiagnostics obtained and related audible, visual, blood pressure,temperature, density, motion, and other diagnostics signals. In thelower part of FIG. 5, Unit 5.25, is a splitter or selector or combinerdevice. The terms splitter, selector and combiner device or unit meanthat each of these terms describes devices which split or select orcombine one or more input signals, process these signals and provide oneor more output signals. On single or multiple connection lead or leads5.26.a signal or multiple signals are provided to Unit 5.28 the inputinterface unit of the first (1^(st)) processor and or first transmitterpath. On single or multiple connection lead or leads 5.27 a signal ormultiple signals are provided to Unit 5.29 the input interface unit ofthe second (2^(nd)) processor and or second transmitter path. Inputinterface Unit 5.28 and interface Unit 5.29 provide signals to one ormore single or multiple modulator Units 5.30 and 5.31. The modulatedoutput signals of these units are provided to one or more amplifiers,Unit 5.32 a and or 5.32 b to optional filters 5.33 and 5.34, tosubsequent amplifiers 5.35 and or 5.36 and to antennas 5.37 and or 5.39and or to the wired or cabled or infrared transmission media onconnection leads 5.38 and or 5.40. One or more of the mentionedamplifiers are operated in linearly amplified or linearizedamplification mode and or in Non-Linearly Amplified (NLA) mode. WhileFIG. 5 shows two signal path (in the upper part of the figure) and twosignal path (in the lower part of the figure), implementations havesingle and multiple mode signal path applications, including one or twoor three or more signal paths. In some embodiments single selectedsignals are transmitted, while in other embodiments of this inventionmultiple signals are transmitted. In FIG. 5 one of the implementationstructures has multiple transmitter path, connected to a single antenna5.42. In some embodiments the amplified signal or the amplified signalsare connected by a switch or selector or combiner 5.41 to antenna Unit5.42. Antenna Unit 5.42 may consist of a single antenna or multipleantennas.

FIG. 6 is represents a generic prior art transmitter receiver(transceiver or T/R), taken from the prior art FIG. 6 of Feher's U.S.Pat. No. 6,665,348 (the '348 patent), Ref [42]. Since several terms usedin the '348 patent and in the current application have the same and/orsimilar meaning as in the prior art and to facilitate reading of thecurrent application, without the need to repeatedly refer to the '348patent, in the following paragraphs pertinent highlights and oradditional explanations of the prior art FIG. 6, of the '348 patent,within the context of this application, are presented. In FIG. 6 of thecurrent application (which is taken from FIG. 6, of the prior art '348patent) an implementation diagram with cascaded switched transmit (Tx)and receive (Rx) Low-Pass-Filters (LPF) in conjunction withcross-correlated and other non cross-correlated Time Constrained (TCS)waveform and cascaded Long Response (LR) filters or LR processors isshown. The terms cross-correlated or cross-correlation (abbreviated alsoas CC, or CCOR or Xcor) and cross-correlated have the descriptions,definitions and meanings as described in the cited prior art includingFeher et al. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,567,602; 5,491,457; 5,784,402; 6,445,749;6,470,055; 6,665,348; 6,757,334 and in the book Feher, K.: “WirelessDigital Communications: Modulation & Spread Spectrum Applications”,Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, N.J. 07458, Copyright 1995, BookISBN No: 0-13-098617-8. In general cross-correlated signals orcross-correlated waveforms means that signals (or waveforms) are relatedto each other. More specifically, the term “cross-correlating” means“processing signals to generate related output signals in the in-phase(I) and in the quadrature-phase (Q) channels”. Related to description ofFIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 it is noted that if a signal is split into twosignal path or two signal channels and the signals in the two channelsare the same, or practically the same, then the signals in the twochannels are related thus, are cross-correlated. The term “cascade” or“cascaded” means that the signal flow or signal connection betweenfilters or units is in a sequence, such as serial signal flow betweenfilters, processors or units, or the signal flow or signal path issimultaneous or parallel between multiple units. In FIG. 6 the LRfilters or LR processors could be implemented as separate in-phase (I)and quadrature-phase (Q) LPF s or as an individual time-shared LPF. Thetransmit Baseband Signal Processor (BBP) including the I and Q LPF scould be implemented by digital techniques and followed by D/Aconverters or by means of analog implementations or a mixture of digitaland analog components. In certain embodiments only one signal path ispresent, that is there are no separate I and Q signal channels. Certainarchitectures use Bit Rate Agile (BRA), Modulation Format Selectable(MFS), modulation and demodulation filters have been implemented andtested with intentionally Mis-Matched (MM) filter parameters. Some ofthe implementations use Agile (Bit rate Agile or BRA) CascadedMis-Matched (ACM) architectures. The term Bit rate Agile or BRA refersto systems in which the bit rate is tunable, selectable or changeable.The LR filter units, embodied by the first and second sets of I and Qare implemented as LPF s or alternately as of other types of filterssuch as Band-Pass Filters (BPF) or High Pass Filters (HPF) or otherfilter/processor LR filter combinations. For several embodiments all ofthe aforementioned processors, filters and modulators, demodulators(modems) are BRA, MFS and ACM, while, for other implementations bit rateagility and or ACM or MFS implementations may not be required. Unit 6.17is an amplifier that could be operated in a linear (LIN) or in a NLAmode. The output of amplifier unit 6.17 is provided on lead 6.18 to thetransmission medium. In some of the embodiments and structures the unitsin only one of the signal channels, e.g. the channel designated as the Qchannel are implemented while in the other channel, designated as Ichannel the components are not used. In yet another set of embodimentsonly the baseband processor part is implemented. In FIG. 6 at thereceiving end, on lead 6.19, is the modulated received signal. Unit 6.21is a BPF that is present in some embodiments while in others it is notrequired. A more detailed description of Units 6.1 to 6.35 andembodiments and operation is contained in Feher's U.S. Pat. No.6,665,348 (the '348 patent).

FIG. 7 contains prior art cross-correlated signals, and in particularin-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signal patterns-displayed in thetime domain. This figure is taken from a prior art cited book, Feher,K.: “Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation & Spread SpectrumApplications”. Note that the displayed amplitude patterns (amplitude asa function of time) of the upper signal (designated as I signal) and ofthe lower signal (designated as Q signal) are related, that is thesesignals are cross-correlated. This relation or cross-correlationproperty of the I and Q signals (upper and lower signals) is noted inFIG. 7, for example, whenever the upper signal (I signal) has itsmaximum amplitude, the lower signal (Q signal) has zero value and whenthe upper signal has a local maximum the lower signal has a localminimum. The term zero means zero or approximately zero, while the termsmaximum and minimum mean maximum and minimum or approximately maximumand approximately minimum.

FIG. 8 shows prior art measured cross-correlated signals on a sampleIntegrated Circuit (chip), manufactured by Philips and designated as thePCD-5071 chip. The Philips PCD-5071 chips was manufactured for use inGSM systems for generation of GSM system recommended/specified GMSKmodulation signals. This FIG. 8 is taken from the prior art cited bookFeher, K.: “Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation & SpreadSpectrum Applications”, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, N.J.07458, Copyright 1995, Book ISBN No: 0-13-098617-8. The measured signaltime patterns (or waveform) in the upper channel (designated as Isignal) and in the lower channel (designated as Q signal) are related,i.e. they are cross-correlated. This cross-correlation or relationproperty between the upper and lower signals is evident, for example,whenever the upper signal (I signal) has its maximum amplitude, thelower signal (Q signal) has zero value.

FIG. 9 shows in the upper part of the figure one or multiple signals,connected on lead 9.1 to an interface unit 9.2 or processor unit 9.2.Interface and or processor 9.2 provides single or multiple signals onsingle or multiple leads 9.3 and or single or multiple leads 9.4 to oneor more modulators. Unit 9.5 contains one or more non-quadraturemodulation implementation structures such as prior art FM modulators andor polar modulators or other non quadrature modulators. Non quadraturemodulators are modulators which have structures and implementationswhich are different from the quadrature (QUAD) implementationstructures. Unit 9.6 contains one or a plurality processors andmodulators which have a quadrature (QUAD) implementation structure.Modulators having quadrature structure have base band in-phase (I)signals baseband quadrature-phase (Q) signals connected to the inputs ofthe Quadrature modulators. An illustrative embodiment of a quadraturemodulator structure is shown in FIG. 6. A prior art non-quadraturemodulator embodiment is shown in the lower part of FIG. 13.Non-quadrature modulators are described in numerous prior artreferences; these are designated as FM modulators, FSK modulators, BPSKmodulators or by similar and or related names and acronyms. Units 9.7,9.8, 9.9 and 9.10 provide transmission processing functions such asfiltering, up-conversion, and linear (LIN) or NLA signal amplification.In the lower part of FIG. 9, an input signal on connection 9.11, andconnection of the 9.11 input signal to signal lead 9.12 and to signallead 9.13 is shown. In one of the embodiments, the same input signal isprovided (split or by the splitter) to the I channel, on connection9.12, and to the Q channel on connection 9.13. Thus, the signals onconnection leads 9.12 and 9.13, designated as I and Q signals, in thisimplementation architecture, are the same or are practically the same,thus they are related or cross-correlated signals. In other embodimentsthe splitter provides processed and different signals to leads 9.12 and9.13 respectively, that is the I signal is different than the Q signal.The different I and Q signals, depending upon the processor/splitter mayor may not be related, that is they may or may not be cross-correlated.

FIG. 10 is a multiple BRA and MFS transmitter architectures with one ormore processors, modulators and amplifiers, antennas and interfaceconnection(s) to wired or cabled or other transmission media, includingbut not limited to mobile wired or wireless internet systems. On lead10.1 one or more input signals are provided to signal interface Unit10.2. These input signals could be analog, mixed analog and digital(hybrid) or digital baseband signals, such as prior art Non Return toZero (NRZ) encoded or other digital signals. These input signals couldbe obtained from a sensor, from RFID devices, from motion detectors,video cameras, television or other picture and or image processors orfrom signals generated by a touch screen operation. Unit 10.2 providesone or more signals to one or more quadrature (designated also as QUADor quad) baseband signal processors Units 10.3 or 10.4 and or to one ormore non-quadrature baseband signal processors included in Unit 10.17.These baseband signal processors interface, process and or generate oneor more of OFDM, CDMA, W-CDMA or WCDMA, CDMA-2000, CDMA EVDO, otherCDMA, other spread spectrum or TDMA, or continuous data streams analogor digital signals for modulation. The embodiment of FIG. 10 is formultiple BRA and MFS signal processing, modulation and transmission andor for single modulation format or single modulation format selectedsystems. The term Bit Rate Agile (BRA) means that the bit rate isselectable or tunable or adaptable to the system requirements and systemobjectives and the term Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) means thatvarious modulation formats can be selected and or that the modulationtype or modulation types are adaptable to the system or userrequirements. Units 10.5, 10.11 and 10.18 are single or plurality ofnon-quadrature or quadrature modulators. Units 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.9,10.10, 10.13, 10.14, 10.15, 10.16 and 10.19 to 10.23 are optionalamplifiers, filters, signal conditioners or signal processors antennasand interface points to wired or cabled transmission systems. Single ormultiple controller Unit 10.24 controls through control signals presenton connections or leads or software control algorithms on 10.25 theselection or combining process of one or more signals and controls whichsignals should be connected to the transmission medium and when shouldthe selected and or combined signals be transmitted. Unit 10.11 receivessignals from interface or processor Unit 10.2. Unit 10.11 containsnon-quadrature (also designated as non quadrature or non-QUAD ornon-quad) modulators.

FIG. 11 a is a new implementation architecture and block diagram of amultiple communication link, also designated as a cascaded link, or asystem having cascaded units which inter operate in a sequence formultimode operated wireless and or wired and internet systems includingfixed location systems and mobile systems. Unit 11.1 contains one ormore of the following devices or signals generated by these devices: alocation finder, also designated as a Position Determining Entity (PDD)or Position Determining Device (PDD), a medical apparatus a diagnosticdevice, voice processor, data processor, image processor, digital cameraprocessor, video processor, a finger print stored or processed signal orimage, DNA signal processors, music, other storage devices or a screentouch generated or processed signal. One or more signals contained inUnit 11.1 are provided to Unit 11.2 containing a short range system,such as a WLAN, Bluetooth, infrared or other communication system or subsystem. The short range systems are connected to an optional mediumrange communication system, Unit 11.3. The medium range system providessignals to one or more remote units, designated as Unit 11.4 of thesystem. The remote unit provides signals to the interface unit or unitsof the transmission medium, designated as Unit 11.5. The signal path isimplemented from the location finder, Unit 11.1 to the interface Unit11.5 and also in the opposite direction from interface Unit 11.5 to thelocation finder. The units in this structure, in one of the embodimentshave fixed parameters while in an other embodiment are BRA and MFS unitsoperated in a single or in plurality of multi mode systems. In theembodiments of units 11.1 to 11.5 optional modulation devices andcircuits are included. The prior art implemented modulation circuitshave two distinct implementation architectures. One of theimplementations is known as quadrature modulator (also designated asQUAD-mod or quad mod) and the second implementations is known as polarmodulation and or designated herein as non-Quadrature, or non-QUADmodulation.

FIG. 11 b shows an exemplary prior art quadrature modulator. In a laterpart of this application, in the description of FIG. 17 b and FIG. 17 ctwo prior art polar and or non-QUAD architectures are described. In theexemplary prior art quadrature modulator, shown in FIG. 11 b, the inputsource signals, present on leads 11.6 and 11.7 are connected to optionalDigital to Analog (D/A) converters 11.8 and 11.9. These input signalsare also known as in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signals. The Iand Q signals are provided to optional filters, shown as 11.10 Filter-Iand shown as 11.11 Filter-Q. The input signals on leads 11.6 and or 11.7may include such signals as a microphone, video camera, photo camera,facsimile, wireless internet connection, modem, or other source ofcustomer, subscriber, or other user data signals or converted processedsignals. The optionally D/A converted and or optionally filtered I and Qsignals, or the signals present on input leads are provided to twomultipliers (also known as mixers), designated as Unit 11.13 and Unit11.16. These multipliers receive also an unmodulated carrier wave from afrequency source or frequency generator, designated in the figure asLocal Oscillator (LO), unit 11.12. In particular mixer 11.13 is providedby an unmodulated carrier wave (CW) signal on lead 11.14, while mixer11.16 is provided a CW signal which is 90 degrees phase shifted from thesignal provided to mixer 11.13. Mixer 11.16 receives the 90 degree phaseshifted signal from the 90 degree phase shifter unit, Unit 11.15. Theoutputs of mixers 11.13 and 11.16 are provided to the inputs of asumming device 11.17. The output of summing device 11.17 is thequadrature modulated signal. It is provided to an optional signalamplifier (Ampl). The modulated signal is provided on lead 11.9 to thetransmission medium

FIG. 12 is an embodiment of an RF head end (alternatively designated asRF subsystem or RF part) which is co-located with the baseband and orIntermediate Frequency (IF) processing units, or is at a remotelocation. Remote location means that there is a separate physical unit(enclosure or box) other than is the unit and/or location of thebaseband processing (BBP) and or Intermediate Frequency (IF) units. Unit12.1 contains the BBP and or IF devices while Unit 12.2 is the RF head.The BBP circuits in Unit 12.1 in some embodiments have singleprocessors, for processing a single baseband signals, while in otherembodiments contain multitude of baseband processors and or multitude ofIF or multitude of RF processors, or multitude of RF head ends forprocessing of more than one signal. The RF head includes one or more ofthe following Radio Frequency (RF) components: RF amplifiers, RFfilters, circulators, RF splitters or RF combiners, RF diplexers, RFswitches, and or RF cables or connections including fiber opticcommunication (FOC) links. Unit 12.3 is the embodiment of one or moretransmit and/or receive antennas and Unit 12.4 is the structure for oneor more interface elements, for interfacing the signals from or to Unit12.2 to the wired or cabled or FOC communications or broadcastingmedium. All signals are enabled to flow from Unit 12.1 to Units 12.3 and12.4 and in reverse directions from Units 12.3 and or Unit 12.4 towardsUnit 12.1. The embodiments and operation of FIG. 12 include multioperation and multi function of a plurality of systems including: singleor multiple location finder, location tracker devices, position finderdevices, Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID), connected withsingle or multiple Bit Rate Agile (BRA), and single modulation orModulation Format Selectable (MFS) satellite and/or land based devices.These systems components assembled in one or more combinations andvariations operate in GSM, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), EnhancedDigital GSM Evolution (EDGE), or Evolution of GSM (E-GSM), Code DivisionMultiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA orW-CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM), Time DivisionMultiple Access (TDMA), IEEE 802.xx, Digital European CordlessTelecommunication (DECT), Infrared (IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi),Bluetooth, and other standardized as well as non-standardized systems.FIG. 12 operations include single mode and or multimode communicationsystems with co-located and remote located RF heads with single and orplurality of antennas.

FIG. 13 represents an alternative embodiment of a multi mode BRA and MFSsystem connected to single or multitude of wireless, wired, cabled orFOC connected and or internet or mobile internet web based systems. Asingle bit rate and or a Bit Rate Agile (BRA) baseband processor and asingle modulation format and/or Modulation Format Selectable (MFS)system structure is shown. Units 13.1 to 13.4 are the embodiments ofsingle bit rate and or single modulation format processors and or ofmultiple bit rate or BRA and MFS processors, filters, modulators andamplifiers. The single or multiple amplified signals of thecommunication structure are provided to interface points and to singleor multiple antennas for wireless transmission, shown as antennas 13.5,and or to interface points 13.6 for systems having physical hardware orfirmware connections or connectors. Units 13.1 to 13.4 may containsingle processors, filters and or modulators or may contain a multitudeof processors, filters and or modulators which are connected in acascade (serial mode) or parallel or other configuration. Unit 13.2contains one or more Time Constrained Signal (TCS) processors and orLong Response (LR) filters. The signals processed and or filtered inUnit 13.2 are provided to single or multiple modulators, contained inUnit 13.3. In one of the embodiments, the modulators in Unit 13.3 arequadrature (QUAD) modulators, while in an other embodiment they arenon-quadrature (non-QUAD) modulators, while in an other implementationstructure or embodiment they are a combination of single or multipleQUAD and single or multiple non-QUAD modulators. Some of theQUAD-modulators have cross-correlated in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase(Q) baseband signals, while other QUAD-modulator embodiments have nocross-correlation between the I and Q baseband signals. In some of theimplementations the transmit filters are matched to the receive filters,while in other embodiments intentional mis-match between the transmitprocessor/filter and receiver processor/filters is implemented. A priorart non-quadrature modulator embodiment is shown in the lower part ofFIG. 13. Non-quadrature modulators are described in numerous prior artreferences; these are designated as FM modulators, FSK modulators, BPSKmodulators or by similar and or related names and acronyms. InterfaceUnit 13.7 a provides signals to optional processor 13.7 b. Processor13.7 b implementation structures is an analog or digital or a hybrid(mixed analog and digital) baseband processor. The processed basebandsignal is provided to non-quadrature modulator, Unit 13.8 for modulationand connection to amplifier unit 13.9 for modulated signalamplification. The amplified signal is provided to the transmissionmedium, antenna Unit 13.10 or to the wired or cabled transmissionmediums interface Unit 13.11.

FIG. 14 is an embodiment of a multi-mode, multi bit rate system, withBRA, MFS and code selectable OFDM, WCDMA, Wi-Fi, WLAN, infrared,Bluetooth and or other spread spectrum or continuous data systems. Theembodiments include connection and or elements or units of the systemarchitecture operating in a single mode or simultaneous multi-modeconfiguration. On single lead or multiple lead 14.1 input analog and/ordigital and/or hybrid signals are provided to interface and or processorunit 14.2. Hybrid signals contain combination of single or multipleanalog and/or digital signals. The signal or signals on input lead 14.1contain in certain embodiments video signals or audio signals or signalsobtained from processed photography, DNA samples, fingerprints, touchscreen control or identification signals, RFID signals, telemetry,telematics, remote control processed signals or other web or www basedcommunication or broadcast signals. Interface processor may comprise asimple connection device, or a splitter or o a combiner or a signalprocessing circuit with one or more output connection leads. The singleor multiple output signal(s) are provided to Units 14.3 to 14.6 forsignal interface and/or further processing. As shown in FIG. 14 theseunits contain one or more of the following interface units (connections)and/or signal processors: Unit 14.3 is a GSM and/or GPRS and/or EDGEconnection and/or signal processor, Unit 14.4 is a connection and/orspread spectrum signal processor, for example a Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA) processor, an other type of Direct Sequence SpreadSpectrum (DS-SS) processor, a Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum (FH-SS)processor, a Collision Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) spread spectrumconnection lead and/or processor or an other variation of spreadspectrum processors. Unit 14.5 is an OFDM signal connection and/orprocessor, while Unit 14.6 is an interface unit connection and/orprocessor for one infrared signal or a plurality of infrared signals. Insome of the implementations only one of the Units 14.3-14.6 is used,while in other embodiments a combination of these units is embodied. Inalternate implementations the interface or processor for one of theshown/designated processors is replaced by Wi-Fi, or other interfacessuch as Fiber Optic Communication (FOC), or cable systems or other wiredand/or wireless system interfaces. One or multiple output signals ofUnits 14.3-14.6 are connected to a selector (switch, combiner orsplitter or similar device), Unit 14.7 and provided to one or multipleprocessors embodied in Unit 14.8. One or more output signals, from Unit14.8, are connected to one or multiple modulators, shown in Unit 14.10.The output or outputs of 14.10 are connected to single or multipletransmit interface points shown as Unit 14.11. A controller, Unit 14.12provides control signals 14.9 to one or more Units, shown in FIG. 14,for selection and/or processing of one or more signals and/or connectionof the selected signals to the transmission interface unit(s) 14.11.

FIG. 15 is an adaptive Radio Frequency (RF) wave generator, RFprocessor, radio and modulator structure. The implementation includesbaseband processor, interface and control unit, data clock interface andRF amplifiers, RF splitters or RF switch device and antennas. Theimplementation embodiments are for single or multi-mode modulationformats and or for Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and Bit Rate Agile(BRA) systems. The term Bit Rate Agile (BRA) means that the bit ratesare adaptable or selectable. Specifically the embodiment of a directbaseband to RF transmitter, such as used in Software Defined Radio (SDR)systems, with or without multiple transmitters and with or withoutdiversity is used. A frequency source signal is provided on single lead15.1 or multiple leads 15.1 to adaptive RF frequency and or RF wavegenerator Unit 15.2. The source signal, on lead 15.1 consists of afrequency reference source, such as an oscillator, or a Phase LockedLoop (PLL), or a numerically controlled oscillator, or a frequencysynthesizer, or a clock signal received from an other system, or anunmodulated carrier wave (CW), or any other signal source. In certainembodiments RF frequency and or RF wave generator Unit 15.2 is merely aninterface unit which provides to one or multiple leads (connections)15.3 the signal received on lead (connection) 15.1. In other embodimentsRF frequency and or RF wave generator Unit 15.2 is an adaptive RF agile(RFA) signal processor and signal generator. In some embodiments the RFAgenerator comprises a frequency synthesizer for the generation ofmultitude of unmodulated CW signals, in other embodiments it generatesone or a plurality of unmodulated or modulated RF signals. The generatedRF signals might have a sinusoidal wave shape or rectangular wave shapeor other wave shapes or waveforms and one or more of the RF signals,provided to connections 15.3 are periodic or non-periodic signals. Onsingle or multiple connections (connections are also designated asleads) 15.4 control signals, obtained from units 15.15 and or 15.16, areprovided to the processor Unit 15.5 for control, selection and furtherprocessing of one or more selected RF signals provided on leads 15.3 toprocessor 15.5. RF Processor Unit 15.5 contains input selectors, forselecting one or more of the signals, received on leads 15.3 and it alsocontains output selectors for selecting and providing one or more of theoutput signals to leads 15.6 and subsequent connection of the selectedoutput signals to one or multitude of amplifiers 15.7 and or 15.12. Unit15.15 is an interface and or a processor unit, which includes aninterface circuit and optional processor circuits for signal conversion,e.g. Analog to Digital (A/D) signal conversion, Digital to Analog (D/A)signal conversion; converters and or transducers for conversion oftemperature, blood pressure, heart rate, fingerprint, DNA; touch screen(pressure or mere physical touch), motion detector, interactive,emergency sensors and or activators of emergency signals (e.g. smokefire or heat detectors), excess humidity or flood or water levelsensors, audio and or video signals, scanned images, RFID generatedsignals, location based signals and/or other signals into processedelectrical, optical, Infrared or other signals. One of theimplementation structures of Unit 15.15 includes parts of the basebandcircuitry of a Software Defined Radio (SDR) and or the entire or theentire software part and or hardware or firmware parts of the non RFparts of a SDR. Since the principles and technologies of SoftwareDefined Radio (SDR) implementations and structures were disclosed in theprior art, including in Hickling, R. M.: “New technology facilitatestrue software-defined radio”, RF Design Magazine April 2005, Tuttlebee,W.: “Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for 3G Handsets andBasestations”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex,England, Copyright 2004, ISBN 0-470-86770-1, and patents such as U.S.Pat. No. 6,906,996, issued to Ballantyne, G. J., Assignee Qualcomm,Inc., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,430,416, issued to Black et al., AssigneeMotorola, there is no need to include additional details of SDR in thisApplication. Processor Unit 15.5 contains one or more optional circuits.Within Unit 15.5 there are input signal leads (arrows), shown on theleft hand side, and output signal leads shown on the right hand side. InUnit 15.5 the bold line represents a signal connection between aselected signal from input lead 15.3 and output lead 15.6. The signalpresent on the bold line, (representing a connection) may be selected ornot selected. The 1^(st) RF processor, 2^(nd) RF processor, Filter,Amplifier LIN or NLA are implementations of different processors and ordifferent modulators. The implemented modulators are in someimplementations quadrature (QUAD) modulators, while in other embodimentsthey are non-quadrature (non-QUAD) modulators, such as polar modulators.In certain designs the amplifiers operate in a relatively linear mode(LIN amplifier) while in other embodiments they operate in aNon-Linearly Amplified (NLA) mode, close or at saturation. In an otherimplementation the amplifiers may be switched or adapted to operate in aLIN or in a NLA mode. In certain implementations a multiple number ofthe aforementioned RF processor and or modulators, filters andamplifiers are used. The Interface and or Control Unit 15.5 incombination with the data clock interface unit 15.16 selects one or moreof the output signals and connects the single or multitude of selectedUnit 15.5 output signals to one or more optional amplifiers 15.7 and or15.12. One or a plurality of the output signals is provided to one ormore of the transmission media interface points, shown as 15.8, 15.10,15.11 and 15.14. Elements 15.9 and 15.13 are optional signal switch orsplitter or combiner or duplexer or diplexer units.

FIG. 16 is a multimode, multipurpose system which incorporatesembodiments for numerous applications, including but not limited toenhanced performance, increased coverage, higher speed information anddata transfer wired and wireless communications seamless communications,communications over different operating systems and different standards,including American and internationally standardized systems,non-standardized systems, signal processing and storage, datamanipulation, diagnostics, broadcasting entertainment, educational andalarm system for seamless adaptive communications, emergency reporting,location finding and remote control embodiments. Implementation and orselection of one or more of the system and network components, shown inFIG. 16, enable information storage, use of multimedia tools includingvoice, music, camera, high definition camera, real-time one-way, two-wayor multi-way video and or and or voice calling, broadcasting andcommunications, still and moving image capture and editing. Directaccess to launch browsers from the screen, by touching the screen orother direct access does not require push buttons. Addition ofsupplemental memory or removal of memory and or of other components isenabled by insertion or removal of components into one or more of theunits shown in FIG. 16. Interconnection between cellular systems,Bluetooth, infrared, Wi-Fi with remote control devices, with cellularphone and automobile based or home based radio or television and orcomputer systems is enabled. One of FIG. 16 optional interconnections orcommunications with mobile devices in automobiles, other portable ormobile devices including motorcycles or other vehicles, e.g. tractors ortrains or boats or ships or airplanes and or remote control systems isalso shown in FIG. 27. Information and signal transmission and reception(communication and or broadcasting) are enabled between two or more thantwo users. Architectures and embodiments enable a single user toprocess, store and manipulate information and or to transmit it toothers, or transfer to the user, computer, printer camera, facsimile orto other interface. The different units and or elements (components) ofthe system are optional and the system is operative in multipleembodiments without the use of certain elements (units) and or with andifferent interconnection between the units. In particular one ormultiple elements 16.1 to 16.13 are connected and or selected throughsingle or multiple leads 16.14 for connection to and from unit 16.15.Unit 16.1 contains a signal interface and or a signal processor forlocator and or tracker device generated signals. Unit 16.2 contains aremote control signal interface or signal processor unit. Unit 16.3contains a video game signal interface or signal processor unit. Unit16.4 contains a digital camera and or scanner signal interface or signalprocessor unit. Unit 16.5 contains an emergency and or alarm signalinterface or signal processor unit. Unit 16.6 contains voice, ortelephony signal or music signal interface or signal processor unit or acombination of these interface units. Unit 16.7 contains interfacecircuits or signal processors for telemetry, telematics or photograph orscanned or facsimile signals. Unit 16.8 signal interface or signalprocessor elements for fingerprint identification and or fingerprintcontrol and or touch screen control. Unit 16.9 contains signal interfaceor signal processor elements for sensor, transducer, detector (includingmotion detector, pressure detector, heat or smoke detector), RadioFrequency Identification and Detection (RFID) obtained signals. Unit16.10 contains signal interface or signal processor unit to interfacewith stored analog or digital information, including stored music,stored video, stored images, stored scanned data information or otherstored information. Unit 16.11 contains signal or data interface orsignal or data processor device for connection and or processing ofcomputer, including mobile computer, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)and other digital or analog signals. Unit 16.12 contains signalinterface or signal processor unit for connection, interface or couplingof music and or video, and or animated graphics and or sensordetected-transformed signals or other stored and or retrievedinformation signals including signals containing educational materials.Unit 16.13 contains medical and or information signal interface orsignal processor unit, including diagnostics, sensor, transducerobtained signals, motion detector or pressure detector or DNA generatedor stored signals and or information. Unit 16.15 embodies one or moresignal processors and communication devices for providing single ormultimode communications, multidirectional (to and from) through singleor multiple communications and or broadcast media to single or multipleterminals 16.18, 16.21 and 16.23 and or to one or multiple interfaceunits 16.1 to 16.13. Terminal or Subscriber Units (SU), also designatedas Subscribers (SC), are in some of the embodiments operated in a peersubscriber mode while in other configurations they are in a star, meshor other network configuration, including optional adaptive network. Anadaptive network is a network in which the connection between variouselements of the network and the communication system format arechangeable, that is, they are selectable or adaptable. The adaptivenetwork configuration, interaction between various elements, selectionof signals, selection and connection of one or of a multitude of signalsand or interface units and or of one or more processors is controlled bythe control unit, Unit 16.24. Control unit 16.24 provides and orreceives one or multiple signals through single or multiple leads 16.25from or to Unit 16.15, from or to the Subscriber Units (SU) and or fromor to one more interface units 16.1 to 16.13. The signals from or tocontrol unit 16.24 are chosen by manual control or voice control orother direct operator control, and or remotely and or electronically andor by software or firmware and or by hardware or firmware. Unit 16.15 isa single and or multimode, single and or multipurpose communication andsignal processing and or data processing unit. Unit 16.15 contains oneor more of the following interface points and or connections and orcommunication devices: Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), VideoInternet Protocol (ViIP) or video over internet or video over intranet,wireless, mobile system elements including one or more processors,modulators demodulators (modems), transmitters receivers (TR) for TDMA,FDMA, GSM, GPRS EDGE, WCDMA, CDMA 1x, EV-DO, WLAN, WMAN, Wi-Fi, IEEE802.xx, cable, DSL, satellite, cable, infrared (IR), Bluetooth, locationfinder, GPS, emergency alarm medical diagnostics or appliancecommunicator. These units operate in a “plug and play” configuration,that is, each unit can operate as a single unit or part of simultaneousoperation in a network with several other units or in an adaptivenetwork. The processors and or modulators contained in Unit 16.15 incertain implementations have non-quadrature (non-QUAD) architectures,such as in certain Frequency Modulated (FM) or Phase Modulated (PM)systems, e.g. FSK modulated or GFSK modulated systems, and AmplitudeModulated (AM) systems, including but not limited to implementations ofpolar modulated systems. In other embodiments quadrature modulation(QUAD mod) architectures with or without cross-correlation in thetransmit baseband in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signals isimplemented. In some other embodiments multiple modem architectures areimplemented. In certain embodiments Unit 16.15 or one or more ofinterface Units 16.1 to 16.13 and or subscriber units (SU) 16.18, 16.21and or 16.23 contain one or more of the following systems, components orsignals: Multi-purpose System and Devices for Locator/Trackers-PositionDetermining Entity (PDE), Remote Control (RC), video, photograph,facsimile, emergency alarm, telephony signal, voice, music telemetryfingerprint-DNA device activation sensor, motion sensor, bodytemperature sensor, Base Station Controller (BSC), Terminal orSubscriber Unit (SU) Base Station Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) devices.Each unit may contain processor, memory, communication port orinterface, single or multiple modulator and or demodulator, automatictransmission alert of unauthorized and authorized fingerprint originatedsignals. Lead or leads 16.25 a and 16.25 b show optional connectionswith Units in FIG. 27 with one or more elements of FIG. 16 and or unitsin other figures.

For user identification, user authentication, for medical information,emergency and alarm processing, for law enforcement, for financial andor other transactions, for signal transmission, reception and or controlof one or more of Units 16.1 to 16.13, these units are in certainimplementations are interconnected with and or comprise selected unitsof FIG. 26 and or of FIG. 27 and or of FIG. 30 and or of other figuresof this disclosure. As an exemplary embodiment Unit 16.8 contains singleand or multiple fingerprint sensors and conversion devices forconversion and or coding of the information contained in the fingerprintto signals suitable for multiuse signal processing, storage,authentication and/or identification of one or of a plurality of usersand single and or multiple signal transmission. The signal transmitterstransmit the signals provided by the single or multiple fingerprintsensors. The signal transmission of the fingerprint signals, dependingon the setting of the transmitter is based on the authorized user and orby unauthorized user. Authorized and also unauthorized signaltransmission is under the control of control Unit 16.24. Control Unit16.24 contains in certain applications memory, processing and storagedevices for storing the fingerprint information of the authorized andalso of the unauthorized user and may provide control signals fortransmission of the fingerprint information in addition to the dialedrecipient to a third party, e.g. to a police department, to an emergencycenter or other law enforcement and or health care agency, or anindividual or an alarm monitoring company, or the users alternatereceiver device, which could include recording and/or storing theinformation on the same device in which the signal transmissionoriginates. The telephone number(s) and or other information, e.g.e-mail address of the said third party may be preprogrammed by theauthorized user and or remotely preprogrammed by law enforcementagencies. If unauthorized signal transmission (or authorized under forceand or against the free will of the authorized user) is underway, thecontrol unit 16.24 inserts “alarm” or “flag” signals into thetransmitter path, alerting the single or multiple recipients, includingthe third party recipient that unauthorized and or emergency signals aretransmitted and including signals for the recipient to store theunauthorized fingerprint and or the entire or part of the conversationand or communication. One of the sections of the fingerprint unit 16.8and or the control and processor and memory unit 16.24, if requested bythe control unit, based on reception and detection information of thereceived signal may store the received fingerprint information and orthe received communications speech, picture, video or information inother forms. Authorizing may be performed locally or based upon a remoteauthorization signal. In case of unauthorized signal transmission, basedon signal transmission of an unauthorized fingerprint user, Control Unit16.24, in certain applications, directs the camera and or video recorderto take pictures and or video clips of the unauthorized transmitter'ssurroundings and add these signals to the intended recipient and to thethird party receiver. In some embodiments, Unit 16.8 and or Unit 16.6 inconjunction with one or more other units 16.1 to 16.13 and or one ormore Units 16.1 to 16.13, without the use of unit 16.8 are used forauthorized user authentication and signal transmission storage,processing to third parties and to the users devices. In certainembodiments fingerprint sensor and converter of the fingerprint sensorprovided information into signals which can be processed and stored andor analyzed, identified with a particular individual are included forsingle or multiple fingerprints in Unit 16.8 and or Unit 16.24. One ormultiple fingerprint are used for single or multiple communication andor control and or location purposes. For example location of a mobileunit is enhanced by providing a fingerprint database having amultiplicity of transmitted fingerprints, each fingerprint in thefingerprint database having an associated unique location. Fingerprintinformation has multiuse benefits, including authentication ofauthorized use or of unauthorized use, locating the position of thedevice (mobile device and or stationary device), emergency request andor signal transmission and or storage to third parties, identificationof the unauthorized user. Barcode reader, Unit 16.13 b, within thestructure of FIG. 16 and or in combination or connection with thestructures of other figures of this disclosure, including but notlimited to the structures of FIG. 27 has multiuse applications,including the above described use and applications.

FIG. 17 a contains non-quadrature (non-QUAD) and quadrature modulation(Quad Mod or QUAD mod) multiple modulator exemplary embodiments,including polar modulator structures with and or without selection andor combining and connection of one or more of the modulated signals toone or a plurality of amplifiers and or one or more optional antennas,with and without cross-correlated quadrature modulation implementationsfor Bit Rate Agile (BRA) or Bit Rate Adaptive (BRA), Modulation FormatSelectable (MFS) and radio frequency agile (RFA) system implementationshaving single or multitude of modulators, amplifiers and antennas of thecurrent application are shown.

FIG. 17 b Polar (non Quadrature) exemplary prior art modulatorimplementation block diagram is shown in this figure

FIG. 17 c Non-Quadrature (non-QUAD) exemplary prior art modulatorarchitecture is shown in this figure.

FIG. 17 a is described in more detail in this section. While, the priorart in general and Feher's U.S. patents, e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,491,457;6,470,055; 6,198,777; 6,665,348; 6,757,334 and Ballantyne's U.S. Pat.No. 6,906,996, assigned to Qualcomm Inc., contain disclosures ofmultiple modulation wireless transmitters and communication systems, theprior art does not disclose the FIG. 17 a disclosed architectures,structures and embodiments for system configurations and implementationsof multiple modulator embodiments, including polar modulator structureswith and or without selection and or combining and connection of one ormore of the modulated signals to one or a plurality of amplifiers and orone or more optional antennas, with and without cross-correlatedquadrature modulation implementations for BRA, MFS, and RFA systemimplementations having single or multitude of modulators, amplifiers andantennas with selectable single or multiple signal sources, disclosed inconjunction with FIG. 17 a, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 16, FIG. 18,FIG. 27 and or other figures and relevant parts of the currentlydisclosed specifications and claims. In FIG. 17 a Unit 17.1 is a singleor multiple interface unit for connection of single or multiple signalsto one or more signal and or data processor elements, shown as Unit17.2. While four (4) processor units (boxes) are illustrated, in certainembodiments only one processor is used, while in other embodiments twoor more processors are implemented. Single or multiple processor(s)provide processed signals to one or more than one (multiple orplurality) of modulator Unit(s) 17.3 for modulation. The processedsignal or processed multiple signals are provided to single or multiplemodulator Unit(s) 17.3. The signal connection or multiple connectionsbetween the processor(s) 17.2 and modulator(s) 17.3 is/are under thecontrol of a control unit 17.9 and or under the control of an operator.One or more of the modulated signals is provided to a first optionalmodulated signal selector (switch) and or combiner and or splitter unit17.4. One or more outputs of Unit 17.4 are connected to one or aplurality of amplifiers 17.5. The amplified signal or signals areconnected to the second optional selector, combiner or splitter unit17.6. The outputs of Unit 17.6 are provided to an optional signalinterface unit 17.7 and afterwards to one or more optional antennas,Unit 17.8. There is a variety quadrature modulator embodiments disclosedin the prior art. In FIG. 11 b of the current application an exemplaryprior art quadrature modulation implementation is highlighted. One ormultiple quadrature modulator (QUAD mod) implementations and embodimentsare used in the embodiments of the quadrature modulators, shown in FIG.17. In certain embodiments of FIG. 17 one or more non-quadrature(non-QUAD) modulators are implemented, in addition to QUAD modulatorsand or instead of QUAD modulators. Some of the non-quadrature modulationstructures are known in the prior art as polar modulation, while othernon-QUAD modulators are prior art Frequency Modulators (FM), FrequencyShift Keying (FSK), Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), AmplitudeModulator (AM) systems and devices. FIG. 17 b and FIG. 17 c. show twoprior art non-QUAD modulation architectures.

FIG. 17 b is based on Lindoff et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,101,224 and Blacket al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,430,416, assigned to Motorola. The illustratednon-QUAD modulation technique is also known as polar modulation, sinceit is based on a polar representation of the baseband signals. In thisnon-Quad modulator polar components i.e., amplitude (r) and phase (p)components are used, instead of in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q)components used in quad modulation techniques. In this exemplary priorart modulator, the source signal (or information signal) to betransmitted is present on connection 17.10. Signal processor 17.11generates a signal amplitude component and a signal phase component.These signal components are provided to a Digital to Analog (D/A)converter and to a Phase Modulator (PM) respectively. The phasecomponent modulates the carrier signal in a phase modulator 17.13,resulting in a phase modulation with constant envelope. The amplitudecomponent is converted to an analog signal in a D/A-converter and thenfed through a regulator (Reg) 17.14 which adjusts the current or voltageof the signal controlling the power of a power amplifier (PA) 17.15,based on the signal and the output D/A converted signal 17.12. Theregulated analog signal modulates the phase modulated carrier signal inthe output power amplifier 17.15 by controlling the power of the poweramplifier. The resulting amplified signal is then provided fortransmission.

FIG. 17 c shows an exemplary other prior art Non-QUAD modulator. In thisimplementation the source signal, present on lead 17.16 is provided to aPhase Modulator (PM) or Frequency Modulator (FM), Unit 17.17. The PMand/or FM modulated signal is provided to a subsequent AmplitudeModulator (AM) and the AM modulated signal is provided to thetransmission medium interface on lead 17.19.

FIG. 18 is a location (position) finder, communication and or broadcastand Radio Frequency Identification Detection (RFID) single and ormultimode system. Unit 18.1 contains one or a plurality of locationfinder (also designated as position finder) and or tracker interfaceunits or systems, which are satellite based, or land based or based onor in water and or air based. On water based systems include ships,boats, vessels, buoys, swimmers, floating devices. In water systemsinclude submarines, divers, fish, sharks, creatures and or theirattached devices. Air based systems are in aircraft such as airplanes,helicopters, Unmanned Vehicles (UV) or in balloons or in birds or inother objects or air based items, including but not limited to rockets,missiles, space shuttles or other items. In certain embodiments Unit18.1 includes optional communication and or control devices, such asRemote Control (RC) devices. One or multiple communication and orcontrol devices are contained in one or more units shown in FIG. 18. Inone embodiment all Units 18.1 to 18.15 include interface and orprocessor circuits for single or multiple location finders, single ormultiple communication and or single or multiple RFID and or single ormultiple control. Units 18.2 contains one or more interface and orprocessing and or modulation-demodulation units for GSM, GPRS, EDGE,TDMA, OFDMA, CDMA, WCDMA, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Infrared (IR), CDMA, WCDMA,IEEE 802.xx or other communication systems. Units 18.3 contain single ormultimode wireless or wired transceivers and interconnection between amultitude of units, shown in FIG. 18. Optional interface units 18.10 and18.11 provide signals for further processing to one or more interfaceconnections 18.12, 18.13, 18.14 and or 18.15

FIG. 19 is a Software Defined Radio (SDR), Multiple SDR (MSDR) andHybrid Defined Radio (HDR) transmitter and receiver embodiment, withsingle or multiple processors, single and or multiple RF amplifiers andantennas and single or multiple SDR and or non-SDR implementationarchitectures. While SDR implementations and embodiments have beendisclosed in the prior art, including in exemplary cited references:book by Tuttlebee, W.: “Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for3G Handsets and Basestations”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, WestSussex, England, Copyright 2004, ISBN 0-470-86770-1.; article byHickling, R. M.: “New technology facilitates true software-definedradio” RF Design Magazine April 2005, available from www.rfdesign.com (5pages), and numerous patents, such as exemplary cited patents, includingKohno et al.: U.S. Pat. No. 6,823,181, “Universal platform for softwaredefined radio”, assigned to Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Ballantyne's U.S.Pat. No. 6,906,996 “Multiple Modulation Wireless Transmitter”, assignedto Qualcomm, Inc., the prior art does not disclose nor anticipate theimplementations, embodiments and architectures of Software Defined Radio(SDR) and or Multiple SDR (MSDR) and or Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR)transmitter and receiver embodiments, with single or multipleprocessors, single and or multiple RF amplifiers and antennas and singleor multiple SDR implementation architectures described in thespecifications related to FIG. 19 and in other sections of thisapplication. An exemplary prior art SDR contains an interface unit, suchas Unit 19.1, a processor and a Digital to Analog (D/A) converter, Unit19.2, an RF subsystem consisting of transmit RF amplifier, Unit 19.3,signal connection to and from transmit and or receive antenna, Unit19.4, in the received signal path an optional RF Band-Pass-Filter (BPF),Unit 19.9, an Analog to Digital Converter (A/D), Unit 19.8, and a signalprocessor, Unit 19.7. The new Software Defined Radio (SDR) system,disclosed in this application contains one or more SDR connected to oneor more RF transmit amplifiers and connected to one or more transmitantennas and one or more receive antennas. With multiple antennastransmit and or receive diversity systems are implemented. If multipleSDR is used then the system is designated as a Multiple SDR (MSDR). TheSDR receiver part consists of one or more SDR receivers and or one ormore conventional (non SDR) receiver systems. In some of the embodimentsone or more SDR transmitters and or SDR receivers are used inconjunction with one or more non-SDR transmitter or receiverimplementations. Non-SDR systems are radio systems which are implementedby firmware and hardware components and may include softwareapplications or software processors, such as Digital Signal Processors.Systems which incorporate SDR components as well as non-SDR components(e.g. conventional prior art radio systems having mixed software,firmware and or hardware at baseband and or IF and or at RF) aredesignated as Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) systems. Units 19.4 and 19.12are transmit and or receive antennas. Additional antennas 19.6 and 19.13transmit and or receive signals to the SDR and or MSDR and or HDR units.In this figure, all units 19.1 to 19.13 are single units in someembodiments, while all units 19.1 to 19.13 are single or multiple unitsin other embodiments. Unit 19.5 is a control unit for control of one ormore units. In certain implementations selected units in FIG. 19 are BRAand MFS units, while in other embodiments single and or multiple unitsare used for transmission of the same bit rate and signal having thesame specified modulation format. Control unit 19.5 generates andprovides control signals to various transmitters and receivers andantennas for the selection and reception of specified signals.

FIG. 20 contains an interface unit or multiple interface units, set ofmodulators, amplifiers, selection devices and or combiner devices whichprovide RF signals to the transmission medium. Single or multipleinterface units, single or multiple modulation, single or multipleamplification, BRA and MFS structures and implementations are included.In this embodiment input lead 20.1 or multiple input leads 20.1 providean input signal or multiple input signals to single or multipleinterface and or processor unit 20.2. At the output of Unit 20.2 on oneor multiple signal leads quadrature or non-quadrature signals areprovided. In-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) baseband signals areprovided to Unit 20.3 a. Unit 20.3 a is a quadrature modulator whichprovides in some embodiments cross-correlated I and Q (designated alsoas I/Q) baseband signals, while in other embodiments there is nocross-correlation provided for the I/Q baseband signals, which arequadrature modulated (QM) in Unit 20.3 a. Unit 20.3 b contains one ormore quadrature modulators (QM). The implementation of one or more ofthe QM, contained in unit 20.3 b is in certain embodiments a SDRimplementation structure, in some other embodiments it is a MSDRstructure, while in certain other embodiments it is a HDR and or it isan other conventional prior art QM structure. Units 20.4 a and 20.4 bare non quadrature modulators. One or more of these modulators areembodied by conventional prior art non-quadrature modulators, such asFM, PM or AM or BPSK or FSK or other non SDR architectures, while incertain other embodiments the non-quadrature modulators are implementedby SDR and or by MSDR and or by HDR architectures and or by digital oranalog polar modulation structures. One or more of the modulators 20.3a, 20.3 b, 20.4 a and or 20.4 b in certain implementations operates atan Intermediate Frequency (IF) and contains an up-converter unit(frequency translation device) to the desired Radio Frequency (RF). Oneor more of the modulators 20.3 a, 20.3 b, 20.4 a and or 20.4 b incertain implementations are Bit Rate Agile or Bit Rate Adaptable (BRA)and or Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and or Modulation EmbodimentSelectable (MES) systems. In certain designs and or embodiments the samemodulation format and same bit rate is used, however the modulationembodiment is different. For example, in an application a GMSK modulatedsystem uses a Quadrature Modulation (QM) structure for low transmitpower applications, while for a high transmit power application it usesa non-quadrature modulation (NQM), e.g. polar implementation structure.Thus, in this example the same GMSK modulation format, having the samebit rate (or a different bit rate) is switched (or selected) to betransmitted instead in the QM embodiment in a NQM embodiment. One ormore of the modulators 20.3 a, 20.3 b, 20.4 a and or 20.4 b in certainimplementations are IF and or RF agile, that is IF and or RF adaptablemodulators, having selectable and or adaptable center frequency (and orcenter frequencies) of the modulated signal(s), which is (are) mostsuitable for the desired transmission frequency band. One or more of themodulators provides signals to one or more optional preamplifiers 20.5a, 20.5 b, 20.6 a and or 20.6 b and or to one or more optional PowerAmplifiers (PA) 20.7 a, 20.7 b, 20.8 a and or 20.8 b.

The preamplifiers operate in a linearized or linearly amplified (LINA)mode or in a Non-Linearly Amplified (NLA) mode. One or more of theamplified signals are provided to the output connector 20.10 throughoptional single or multiple combiner unit 20.9.

FIG. 21 is an embodiment of a single or multiple transmitterarchitecture using single or multiple transmitters; the multipletransmitter implementations are also designated as a diversitytransmitter. This figure contains some of the elements, disclosed inprior art cited reference Feher's U.S. Pat. No. 6,665,348. On input lead21.1 there is a single signal or there are multiple signals provided toUnit 21.2. Unit 21.2 contains one or more interface circuits and or oneor more processors and or one or more splitters and or one or moreSerial to Parallel (S/P) conversion circuits and or one or more signal(selector) circuits, one or more cross-correlator (XCor) circuits andone or more optional in-phase (I) and Quadrature-Phase (Q) signalprocessors and or generators. Unit 21.3 receives one or more I and Qsignals from Unit 21.2. In Unit 21.3 one or more signal processors andone or more optional Quadrature Modulators (QM) are implemented. Theoutput processed and or modulated signals are provided to optional units21.5, 21.7 and 21.9 and or 21.11 for optional signal amplification byone or more linear amplifiers (LIN) or one or more Non-Linear Amplifiers(NLA) and or one or more Power Amplifiers (PA) and provided to one ormore antenna 21.9 and or one or more interface connections 21.12 tointerface with one or more communication systems. Unit 21.4 receives oneor more signals from Unit 21.2. In Unit 21.4 there are one or moreinterface points (or interface connections), processors and or one ormore non Quadrature modulators (Non Quad or NonQUAD or NQM) modulators.Units 21.5, 21.6, 21.7, 21.8, 21.10, and 21.12 are optional amplifiers,antennas and or interface points.

FIG. 22 is a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system. On single ormultiple input lead 22.1 one or more input signals are provided tosingle or multiple interface and or single or multiple processor unit22.2. The non-quadrature input signals are designated as In₁ to In_(n),the n subscript indicating that there are n non-quadrature inputsignals, where n is an integer n=1, 2, 3 . . . , while the quadratureinputs are designated as I_(m), and Q_(m), the m subscript indicatingthat there are m input quadrature signals, where m is an integer m=1, 2,3 . . . . In unit 22.3 a single or multiple interface unit and a singleor multiple processor unit is embodied. The processor(s) processbaseband signals into suitable baseband formats for subsequent single orplurality of signal selections for subsequent modulation of CDMA, WCDMA,EvDo, GSM, GPRS, EDGE, OFDM, TDMA or Video Digital, or camera signals,photo camera originated signals, diagnostics, scanner X-ray, or medicaldevice signals, Bluetooth originated signals or, infrared originatedsignals and selection or connection of one or more of these signals toone or more quadrature or non-quadrature modulators, implemented in Unit22.3. One or multiple modulators, implemented in Unit 22.3 receive oneor more of these signals and modulate them in single or multiplenon-quadrature or quadrature modulator embodiments. One or multipleoptional amplifiers, embodied in optional unit 22.4 a are connected byoptional single or multiple switching or splitting elements 22.4 b, 22.5a or 22.5 b to one or more antennas, shown as an antenna array, Unit22.6 and or to an optional RF unit 22.7. Unit 22.7 contains an RFinterface point and or one or more RF switching, combining, duplexer ordiplexer and or splitter units. RF unit 22.7 is connected to outputinterface point 22.8 and/or to one or more antennas embodied in unit22.7. Multiple I and Q inputs (I/Q inputs) with multiple non-quadratureinputs, connected to one or multiple processors, modulators, optionalamplifiers RF combiners or RF switching elements and antennas, asembodied in one or more of the configurations and connection of selectedelements of FIG. 22 distinguishes the embodiments from prior art.

FIG. 23 is a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple InputMultiple Output (MIMO), and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)embodiment having one or multiple RF interface points and or one ormultitude of antennas. The configuration with multiple antennas is alsoknown as a system with antenna arrays and or a diversity system. Oninput lead or multiple input leads 23.1 one or multiple signals areconnected to single or multiple interface Unit 23.2. One or more thanone optional baseband processors (BBP) are contained in some of theembodiments of Unit 23.2. One or plurality of signals is present onconnections (or leads) designated as 1, 2, . . . M. One or more of thesesignals are connected to one or more modulators, contained in Unit 23.3.These modulators designated as Mod.1, Mod.2 . . . and Mod.M modulate oneor more input signals and provide the modulated signals to one or moreoptional amplifiers, contained in Unit 23.4 Through optional switchingelements 23.6, designated as Sw1, Sw2 . . . SwM one or more modulatedsignals are provided to one or more optional antennas 23.5 (Ant.1, Ant.2. . . . Ant.N) and or RF Unit 23.7. The number of embodied modulators incertain implementations is the same as the number of switches andantennas in Unit 23.5, while in other embodiments it is different. InUnit 23.7 there is an RF interface and optional RF combiner, splitter orswitch unit for providing one or more RF signals to the subsequentsingle or multiple RF interface unit 23.9 and or optional single ormultiple antenna 23.8.

FIG. 24 is an antenna array implementing Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) and or Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) and or Multiple InputSingle Output (MISO) communication, position finding and broadcastingtransmission-reception system, including transmit antenna diversity andreceive antenna diversity systems. While the system contains elements ofone or more Feher's prior art references, e.g. Feher's U.S. Pat. No.6,665,348, the configurations, interconnections and operation with othersystem elements disclosed in this application and shown in previous orsubsequent figures of this disclosure are new. On single or multipleinput leads 24.1 one or more modulated RF signals are received andconnected to optional single or multiple RF interface and or RFprocessor 24.2. Unit 24.2 in certain embodiments includes transmitprocessors, while in other embodiments it includes transmit and receiveprocessors. The received RF modulated signals on connection 24.1 areprovided by one or more disclosed embodiments in the description ofprevious or subsequent figures of this disclosure. One or multipletransmit antennas contained in Unit 24.3 are connected to one or more RFmodulated signals. Single or multiple receivers have a single ormultiple antennas, embodied in unit 24.4. In certain embodimentstransmit and receive components, including connections/leads, interfaceunits, processors and antennas are the same components, or are at thesame location, while in other implementations the transmit and receivecomponents are distinct physical units, while in some alternateimplementations certain transmit and receive components are contained inthe same physical units, while certain other transmit and receivecomponents are distinct units. On receive single or multiple connections24.5 one or more signals from the receiver antennas are connected tooptional receive RF interface unit 24.6 which contains optionalcombiner, selector or switch or other RF signal processors and or RFprocessors combined with frequency down conversion components, IFprocessors and baseband processors. Single or multiple output signalsare provided on output connection lead 24.7 Out 1 to Out N.

FIG. 25 Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR)systems for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and or Single InputMultiple Output (SIMO) and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)communication, position finding and or broadcastingtransmission-reception systems, including diversity systems areimplemented in this figure. On single or multiple input connectionssignals are provided to one or more of transmit (Tx) interface and ortransmit processor units 25.1, 25.5 and 25.9. These units are parts ofSDR and or HDR system embodiments. One or more of units 25.1, 25.5 andor 25.9 receive signals from one or multiple sources, for example from alocation finder and or tracker source, a communications device, a remotecontroller, multiple remote controllers, an RFID device, a patientmonitoring device, a video source, a video broadcasting source, videoconferencing source, a source providing video clips, cellevision(cellular television), mobile vision, WiFi, WiMax an alarm monitor, acamera, a source providing data for credit card verification and orcredit card transactions, a source providing bank transactions, a sourceproviding electronic commerce signals /data and or other sources. In theSDR, units 25.1 and 25.5 process signals and provide them to Digital toAnalog (D/A) converters (DAC) 25.2 and 25.6. In the HDR, one or moresignals and or D/A converted signals are provided to one or multiple RFprocessing units 25.3 and/or 25.7 or 25.10. The RF processed and or RFamplified outputs, of the SDR units, are provided to single or multipletransmit interface units or single or multiple transmit antennas,designated as Out 25.4 and 25.8. Element 25.9 receives single ormultiple input signals for baseband and or Intermediate Frequency (IF)and or IF and or IF and RF or merely RF transmission processing of thesystem. The RF signals are further processed in optional unit 25.10 andprovided to single or multiple transmit interface units or single ormultiple transmit antennas, designated as Out 25.11. Units 25.9, 25.10and 25.11 are part of a single or multiple conventional radiotransmitter implementation, in other words these units are not part of aSDR. Since Units 25.1 to 25.8 are part of single or multiple SDRtransmitters, and Units 25.9 to 25.11 of a conventional RadioTransmitter (Tx), the combinations of SDR and conventional radiotransmitters are designated as Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) systems. Oneor multiple input signals are connected to one or more SDR and or one ormore conventional radio systems parts of the HDR. In the receiversection of the HDR on leads 25.12, 25.17 and 25.22 single or multiple RFsignals are received from single or multiple antennas. Units 25.13,25.18 and 25.23 are single or multiple embodiments of Band Pass Filters(BPF), Units 25.14, 25.19 and 25.24 are single or multiple embodimentsof Analog to Digital (A/D) Converters (ADC), Units 25.16, 25.21 and25.26 are single or multiple embodiments of signal interface processorelements which provide single or multiple output signals on output leads25.16, 25.21 and 25.26 respectively.

FIG. 26 is an information monitoring processing and communicationsystem. This system in certain application may include a patient monitorsystem. This information processing and transmission of diagnosticssignals, other signals including DNA, fingerprint information and orphoto or video clips for single and or multiple systems is implementedin this figure. Signal sources include single or multiple sourcesincluding one or more of sensors, probes or resultant signals frommedical procedures or other procedure provided signals to one or moreinterface Units 26.1 to 26.6. The signal sources could contain one ormore devices which provide signals from medical devices, sensors, probesor equipment, from diagnostics and or measurement of blood pressure, orother blood diagnostics, skin diagnostics, diagnostics of internalmedicine information, body temperature, ECG, Electro Cardiogram or othersensors, information signals obtained during surgery or post surgery,arterial blood, gas or heart pacemaker, glucose, MRI, fingerprint, othermedical or diagnostics information signals, e.g. DNA or other sources,such as photo or video or sound signals or a combination of the signalsources. The signals and/or signal sources could also include: bloodpressure or other blood diagnostics containing signals, urine, stool,skin signals ECG, glucose body temperature arterial blood gas sensorprovided signals, signals containing DNA, fingerprint or photo or videosignals and or video clip signals. During surgery and or post surgerysensors, probes and other medical devices are attached and or connectedor inserted in parts of the body of a patient and these devices, incertain implementations are integrated into one product. The saidproduct could include one or more or all the elements shown in FIG. 26and such integrated product enables providing medical informationcontaining signals by wireless means, instead the use of prior artcables and or other physical cumbersome devices. Units 26.7 to 26.11 areamplifier or signal processor or signal transformer devices ortransducers, e.g. acoustical to electrical or pressure to electrical orchemical content to electrical signal transformers (transducers) and ormerely interface points between the 26.1 to 26.6 signal sources and Unit26.13. Unit 26.13 contains single or multiple processors and or singleor multiple signal modulators for modulation and connection of one ormore modulated signals to the single or multiple signal transmitters,Unit 26.14. Single or multiple signal transmitters 26.14 provide signalsto one or more transmit interface output elements 26.15 and or 26.16. Onreverse signal path 26.17 control and information signals are providedto various units of FIG. 26. The purpose of this reverse path controlsignals is to enable changing some of the processing means of signalparameters, signal transmission formats and methods and in certainmedically authorized cases to change the medical treatment, e.g.quantity or speed of oxygen flow or of pain relievers, medication orother. The reverse control signal path may include a push to talk (PTT)option and in certain cases includes other sets of signals, e.g. anemergency physician's orders regarding patient's treatment in a mobileemergency vehicle, or orders for patient care at a remote facility.

FIG. 27 is a Universal System including one or multiple Remote Controlor Universal Remote Control (URC) devices, including wireless dooropener and or ignition starter, or window opener of an automobile ormotor cycle or of other mobile devices, garage door or home door openerand or locking control, control of home or office appliances, turn offor turn on of computers or other wired or wireless devices, alarmsystems and of other systems including monitoring devices and ordirectivity and or recording parameters of monitoring devices. Optionalconnection and or communication or control between devices, shown inFIG. 27 and Units shown in FIG. 16, and or other figures, e.g. medicaldevices shown in FIG. 26 is provided by wired or wireless connections27.9. Unit 27.1 is an interface device and or a processor device and orsensor and or signal generator device and or a communication device forsingle or multiple signal transmission to and reception from single ormultiple antennas 27.2. Unit 27.3 is a cellular phone (cellphone) and orother wireless or mobile or portable device containing signal interfaceunits, processors, transmitters, receivers and connections to transmitand receive antennas (not shown in the figure) and providing/receivingsignals on leads 27.4 containing audio and or television, radio or CDplayer and or video screen information, provided to or by Unit 27.5.Wired and or wireless connections 27.6 and 27.7 provide additionalcommunication, processing and control means between units 27.3 and 27.5and Unit 27.8. Unit 27.8 contains a Bluetooth or other wireless device.Unit 27.3 is equipped to provide signal repeater operations. The termsignal repeater means that the repeater device processes and oramplifies the signal, received from an other transmitter; followingreception of the transmitted signal, the signal is provided forprocessing and amplification for subsequent transmission.

FIG. 28 is a test and measurement instrumentation system within awireless multi-mode system. Single or plurality of antennas 28.1, 28.4;28.6 and 28.8 receive/transmit signals from/to single or multipletransceivers 28.2, 28.5, 28.7 and 28.9 respectively. These transceiversare in certain cases parts of base station units and or of mobile units.Wired and or wireless connections 28.10 provide control andcommunications signals between one or more or all units shown in FIG.28. Test signals are generated in Unit 28.9. These test signals are forperformance measurement, testing and verification of one or multiplesystem performance parameters and or system specifications. In certaincases entire Unit 28.9 or parts of Unit 28.9 are implemented within Unit28.2 and or 28.5 or 28.7.

FIG. 29 is an implementation of single or multiple cellular phones, orof other mobile devices, communicating with single or multiple BaseStation Transceiver (BST) having single or plurality of antennas. TheBST are collocated in some of the implementations, while in others theyare at different locations. Single or multiple antennas 29.1 and or 29.4transmit and or receive signals to/from single or multiple BST 29.2 and29.5. Unit 29.8 contains one or more cellular phones and or otherwireless or other communication devices. Single or multiple antennas29.7 receive and or transmit and connect signals to or from Unit 29.8,also designated here as the mobile unit. In one of the implementationsBST 29.2 and or BST 29.5 contains one or more transmitters-receivers(T/R or transceivers) for WCDMA signals and or CDMA signals and ortransceivers for GSM or GPRS and or EDGE signals and or OFDM signals orother spread spectrum signals. Unit 29.8 contains one or moretransceivers. In some implementations mobile Unit 29.8 and or any of theBST units are connected in a repeater mode. The repeater mode is used toenhance signal coverage area by amplifying and retransmitting thereceived signal.

FIG. 30 shows a cardiac stimulation device, a heart and a block diagramof a single-chamber and or a dual-chamber pacemaker with a single ormultiple wireless communications and control systems of the presentinvention. Exemplary prior art single-chamber pacemaker and/ordual-chamber pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation devices aredescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,539,253 Thompson et al.: “Implantablemedical device incorporating integrated circuit notch filters”, issuedMar. 25, 2003 (for short “Thompson patent” or the “'253 patent” or“Thompson's '253 patent”) and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,907,291 issued Jun. 14,2005, Snell et al.: “Secure telemetry system and method for animplantable cardiac stimulation device”, assigned to Pacesetter, Inc.,Sylmar, Calif. (for short “Snell patent” or the “'291 patent” or“Snell's '291 patent”). The pacemaker and implantable cardiacstimulation device, of the current invention, is coupled to a heart 30.1by way of leads 30.4 a and 30.4 b, lead 30.4 a having an electrode 30.2that is in contact with one of the atria of the heart, and lead 30.4 bhaving an electrode 30.3 that is in contact with one of the ventriclesof the heart. Leads 30.4 a and 30.4 b are connected to the pacemakerthrough a connection interface and or processor unit 30.5 that formspart of the pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation device. Incertain other implementations and/or other applications, unit 30.1contains other body parts or other body organs than the heart, forexample unit 30.1 may be the kidney, limb, head, skin or a vessel whileUnit 30.2 and Unit 30.3 a device or a medical probe or an other devicethan an electrode. Unit 30.6 contains single or multiple leads forconnection of single or multiple signals between Unit 30.5 and 30.7. Incertain embodiments unit 30.5 represents an interface connector orconnection, and or some signal processing between leads 30.4 a and 30.4b and Unit 30.7, while in other embodiments unit 30.5 contains amicroprocessor for detection of signals received from Unit 30.7, forgeneration of control signals for the operation and/or modification ofthe parameters of the cardiac stimulation device-heart pacemaker, pulsegenerator, amplifiers, processors, memory, sensors, battery and othercomponents for the operation, control and modification of operatingconditions of the pacemaker and or of other medical parameters. In someimplementations Unit 30.5 contains stimulating pulse generators foratrial pulse generation and ventricular pulse generation, one or moredetection circuits and amplifiers. One of the amplifiers, contained inUnit 30.5 is typically configured to detect an evoked response from theheart 30.1 in response to an applied stimulus, thereby aiding in thedetection of “capture.” Capture occurs when an electrical stimulusapplied to the heart is of sufficient energy to depolarize the cardiactissue, thereby causing the heart muscle to contract, or in other words,causing the heart to beat. Capture does not occur when an electricalstimulus applied to the heart is of insufficient energy to depolarizethe cardiac tissue. Unit 30.5 of the current invention may contain aprotection circuit for protecting the pacemaker from excessive shocks orvoltages that could appear on the electrodes 30.2 and/or 30.3 in theevent such electrodes were to come in contact with a high voltagesignal, for example, from a defibrillation shock.

Unit 30.7 comprises one or more transmitters or receivers and/ortransmitters and receivers, also known as transceivers (T/R), fortransmission and or reception of one or multiple signals connected byleads 30.8 and or 30.11 to Unit 30.10 and or Unit 30.12. The single ormultiple transceivers of Unit 30.7 contain in certain embodiments one ormultiple modulation format selectable (MFS) and or/code selectableembodiments, such as previously described, e.g. GSM, WCDMA, spreadspectrum, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi EDGE or other system specified modulationformats. In certain embodiments of Unit 30.7 there is at least one notchfilter, also known as band stop filter, having an input and output thatblocks predetermined Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) signals. Unit30.10 contains interface circuitry and or connection circuitry-leads toone or multiple antennas 30.9. Unit 30.12 is an interface connection fortransmission and or reception of signals.

In prior art pacemakers, e.g. Snell's '291 patent the pacemaker furtherincludes magnet detection circuitry. It is the purpose of the magnetdetection circuitry to detect when a magnet is placed over thepacemaker, which magnet may be used by a physician or other medicalpersonnel to perform various reset functions of the pacemaker. The priorart pacemaker control requires magnet detection circuit for magnetcontrolled pacemaker parameters. Unfortunately this magnet dependentoperation/change of parameters of pacemakers is in many cases causingdifficulties and or even rendering impossible to have Magnetic ResonanceImaging (MRI), and/or Magnetic Resonance Image scanning on a patient whohas a pacemaker. Since MRI is a frequently desired diagnostic procedurefor diagnostic purposes, even in an emergency where the information fromthe MRI scan could be life saving, and since MRI interferes with thecorrect operation of currently available magnetic detection-magneticcontrolled based pacemakers, it would be highly desirable to develop anew generation of pacemakers which could be operated and controlledwithout substantial magnetic materials, i.e. without the need of magnetbased detection and magnet control.

In distinction with the prior art magnet detection circuit and physicianor other medical personnel performed various reset functions of thepacemaker, by placing a magnet over the pacemaker, in the currentinvention there is no need for magnet detection circuits and no need formagnet's to be placed over the pacemaker to reset or modify parametersand functions/operation of the pacemaker. In the current inventionmagnetic detection and magnet control of pacemaker is replaced bywireless signal detection and based on the detected wireless signals andprocessing of said wireless detected signals (received from a physicianoperated wireless transmitter) control signals are generated to controlthe parameters and operation of the pacemaker.

In distinction with the prior art and with Snell's '291 patent, thecurrent invention provides new structures and embodiments of multiuseand/or multimode wired and or wireless transmitters and receivers,without need of magnetic coupling for adjusting or resetting theparameters of cardiac stimulation e.g. heart pacemaker devices and orother medical devices. An advantage of the presented embodiments is thatthe stimulation devices can continue to operate even in emergency roomsor other environments where the patient is having Magnetic ResonantImaging (MRI) diagnostic tests.

ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION

Having now described numerous embodiments of the inventive structure andmethod in connection with particular figures or groups of figures, andhaving set forth some of the advantages provided by the inventivestructure and method, we now highlight some specific embodiments havingparticular combinations of features. It should be noted that theembodiments described heretofore, as well as those highlighted belowinclude optional elements or features that are not essential to theoperation of the invention.

1. A first embodiment (1) is a location finder and communication systemcomprising: two or more antennas or receive ports for receiving locationdetermining signals from two or more location determining transmitters;two or more receivers for processing of said location determiningsignal; a selector or combiner device for selection or combining of oneor more of the received location determining signals; two or morecommunication transmitters; connection circuitry for connecting theselected or the combined processed location determining signal to one ormore communication transmitters; a control and selection device forselection and connection of said location determining signals to one ormore of said communication transmitters.

2. A second embodiment (2) provides a location finder andmodulation-demodulation (modem) format selectable (MFS) and bit rateagile (BRA) communication system comprising: one or more receive portsfor receiving location determining signals from one or more locationdetermining transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators forreception and demodulation of said location determining signals tobaseband signals; a selector for selection of one or more of thebaseband signals; connection circuitry for connecting the selectedbaseband signal to one or a plurality of transmitters; two or morecommunication transmitters; a baseband signal interface circuit forinterfacing and receiving the selected baseband signal; across-correlator circuit for processing the baseband signal provided bysaid baseband interface circuit and for generation of cross-correlatedbaseband signals; a shaped Time Constrained Signal (TCS) waveletprocessor and bit rate agile Long Response (LR) filter [structure] forproviding shaped and filtered signals in in-phase and quadrature-phasebaseband channels; a modulation-demodulation (modem) format selectableor code selectable baseband structure for providing either modem formatselectable or code selectable cross-correlated processed and filteredin-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a modulator forquadrature modulation of the in-phase and quadrature-phase basebandsignals; one or more amplifiers comprising linear and/or nonlinearcircuits for linear and/or non-linear amplification (NLA) of themodulated output signal of said quadrature modulator; and a switch orlevel controller for selecting linearly or non-linearly amplified (NLA)modulated signals.

3. A third embodiment (3) provides a location finding and communicationsystem comprising: two or more receive ports for receiving eitherlocation finding signals and or other than location finding signals fromeither one or more location determining transmitters or from one or moreother than location finding signal transmitters; one or more receiversand demodulators for receiving and demodulating said location findingsignals to baseband signals; one or more receivers and demodulators forreceiving and demodulating said other than location finding signals tobaseband signals; a selector or combiner device for selection orcombining of one or multiple baseband signals; two or more signalmodulators; connection circuitry for connecting the selected or thecombined single or multiple baseband signals to one or more of saidsignal modulators; a signal processing network for receiving thebaseband signals from the connection circuitry and for providingcross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at afirst specified bit rate; a signal processing network for receiving theselected or combined baseband signal and for providing a filtered signalat a second specified bit rate; and a selector for selecting either thecross-correlated signals, the filtered signal, or both thecross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; and connection forproviding the selected signals to one or more modulators for signalmodulation.

4. A fourth (4) implementation is a radio frequency identification(RFID) locator and communicator system comprising: one or more than oneantennas for receiving Radio Frequency (RF) signals from one or moreRFID and or location determining and or communication transmitters; oneor more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation ofsaid signals to baseband signals; a baseband signal processing networkfor receiving and processing said baseband signals; a cross-correlatorcircuit for cross-correlating said processed baseband signals and forgeneration of cross-correlated baseband signals; a shaped TimeConstrained Signal (TCS) wavelet processor and bit rate agile LongResponse (LR) filter structure for providing shaped and bit rate agilefiltered signals in in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband channels; anda modulator for quadrature modulation of the in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signals.

5. A fifth embodiment (5) is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) andcommunication system comprising a receiver for reception anddemodulation of RFID transmitted signals to baseband signals; across-correlator for processing of said baseband signals for generationof cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; anda modulator for quadrature modulation of the in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signals.

6. A sixth embodiment (6) is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) andcommunication system, the improvement comprising: one or more receiversand one or more demodulators for reception and demodulation of RFIDtransmitted signals to baseband signals and for providing said basebandsignals to a spread spectrum baseband processor and subsequentquadrature modulator for quadrature modulation of baseband spreadspectrum signals and to a baseband filter and subsequent modulator formodulation of the said baseband filtered signal; and a connectioncircuit for providing either the spread spectrum modulated signal or thefiltered modulated signal or both the modulated spread spectrum signaland the filtered modulated signals to one or more than one transmittersfor transmission of the spread spectrum modulated and or the filteredmodulated signals.

7. A seventh embodiment (7) is a location finder and Radio FrequencyIdentification (RFID) signal demodulation and modulation systemcomprising: one or more antennas for receiving modulated Radio Frequency(RF) location finder and or Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)signals from one or more than one location finder and or RFIDtransmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception anddemodulation of either said modulated RF or RFID signals to basebandsignals; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signalsand for providing cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phasebaseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a signal processingnetwork for receiving said baseband signals and for providing a filteredsignal at a second specified bit rate; a selector for selecting eitherthe cross-correlated signals or the filtered signal or both thecross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; and a connectioncircuit for providing the selected signals to one or more modulators forsignal modulation.

8. An eighth embodiment (8) comprises a location finder andcommunication system having two or more antennas for receiving modulatedRadio Frequency (RF) location finder signals and communication signalsfrom three or more location finder and communication systemtransmitters; two or more receivers and demodulators for reception anddemodulation of said modulated RF signals to baseband signals; a signalprocessing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providingcross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at afirst specified bit rate; a signal processing network for receiving saidbaseband signals and for providing a filtered signal at a secondspecified bit rate; a selector for selecting either the cross-correlatedsignals or the filtered signal or both the cross-correlated signals andthe filtered signal; a connection circuit for providing the selectedsignals to one or more than one modulators for signal modulation; and aconnection circuit for providing the modulated signals to two or morethan two amplifiers and two or more than two antennas for amplificationand transmission of the amplified modulated signals.

9. A ninth embodiment (9) provides a location finder and communicationsystem comprising: one or more receive ports for receiving modulatedlocation finder signals from one or more location finder andcommunication system transmitters; one or more receivers anddemodulators for reception and demodulation of said modulated signals tobaseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving saidbaseband signals and for providing cross-correlated in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a firstquadrature modulator for quadrature modulating the cross-correlatedsignal; a filter for filtering a second bit rate signal, said second bitrate signal having a different bit rate than the first bit rate signal,and providing a filtered baseband signal; a second modulator formodulating the filtered baseband signal; and switch circuitry forselecting and connecting either the cross-correlated first bit ratemodulated signal or the filtered second bit rate modulated signal to atransmitter.

10. A tenth embodiment (10) is a barcode reader, location finder andcommunication system comprising: a barcode reader for reading bar-codedinformation and processing said bar-coded information into electricalsignals; one or more receive ports for receiving modulated locationfinder signals from one or more location finder and communication systemtransmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception anddemodulation of said modulated signals to baseband signals; a signalprocessing network for receiving and processing said baseband signalsand said bar-coded electrical signals and for providing in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signals; a filter for filtering said basebandsignals and said bar-coded electrical signals and for providing filteredbaseband signals and said bar-coded electrical signals; a firstquadrature modulator for quadrature modulating the in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signals; a second modulator for modulating thesaid filtered baseband and said bar-coded electrical signals; and switchcircuitry for selecting and connecting either the quadrature modulatedor the filtered modulated signal to a transmitter.

11. An eleventh embodiment (11) is a stimulation device andcommunication system comprising: leads for carrying stimulation pulsesto and or from one or more electrodes; a pulse generator configured togenerate stimulation pulses and for providing said pulses by said leadsto the electrodes; an interface circuit and/or processor for connectionof said stimulation pulses to and/or from one or more wirelesstransmitter-receiver (T/R) circuits for transmission and/or reception ofone or more wireless signals; and a control circuit coupled to one ormore of said wireless transmitter-receiver circuits, said controlcircuit comprising a control signal generator for generating controlsignals for controlling operation parameters of the implantable cardiacstimulation device.

12. A twelfth embodiment (12) provides a cardiac stimulation andcommunication system comprising: a pulse generator and processor forprocessing the stimulation pulses to and/or from one or more electrodes,said electrodes located in a heart; a signal processing network forreceiving said stimulation pulses and for providing cross-correlatedin-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a signal processingnetwork for receiving said stimulation pulses and for providing afiltered baseband signal; and a selector for selecting either thecross-correlated signals or the filtered signal or both thecross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; and providing theselected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.

13. A thirteenth embodiment (13) provides an implantable cardiacstimulation and modulation system comprising: a processor for processingstimulation pulses to and/or from one or more electrodes; a signalprocessing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and forproviding in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a signalprocessing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and forproviding a filtered baseband signal; and a selector for selectingeither the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals or thefiltered signal or both the in-phase and quadrature-phase basebandsignals and the filtered signal; and providing the selected signals toone or more modulators for signal modulation.

14. A fourteenth embodiment (14) provides a medical diagnostic andcommunication system comprising: a processor for processing signalsreceived from one or more medical diagnostic devices; a first signalprocessing network for receiving said processed signals and forproviding in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a secondsignal processing network for receiving said processed signals and forproviding a filtered baseband signal; and a selector for selectingeither the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals or thefiltered baseband signal or both the in-phase and quadrature-phasebaseband signals and the filtered signal; and providing the selectedsignals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.

15. A fifteenth embodiment (15) is a medical diagnostic andcommunication system comprising: a processor for processing signalsreceived from one or more medical diagnostic devices; a first signalprocessing network for receiving said processed signals and forproviding baseband signals having a first specified bit rate; a secondsignal processing network for receiving said processed signals and forproviding baseband signals having a second specified bit rate; and aselector for selecting either the first specified bit rate signal or thesecond specified bit rate signal or both the first specified bit ratesignal and the second specified bit rate signal; and providing theselected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.

16. A sixteenth embodiment (16) is a medical and diagnosticcommunication system, the improvement comprising: a transmitter ofsignals generated by a medical device; a receiver for reception andprocessing of said medical device generated signals to baseband signals;circuitry for processing said baseband signals for generation ofin-phase and quadrature-phase spread spectrum baseband signals; and amodulator for quadrature modulation of the in-phase and quadrature-phasebaseband spread spectrum signals.

17. A seventeenth embodiment (17) is a stimulation device andcommunication system comprising: leads for carrying stimulating pulsesto and or from one or more electrodes; a pulse generator configured togenerate stimulation pulses and for providing said pulses by said leadsto the electrodes; an interface circuit and/or processor for connectionof said stimulating pulses to and/or from one or more spread spectrumtransmitter-receiver (T/R) circuits for transmission and/or reception ofone or more spread spectrum signals; a control circuit coupled to one ormore of said spread spectrum transmitter-receiver circuits and the saidpulse generator and further arranged to process and detect one or morereceived signals; and said control circuit having a control signalgenerator for controlling the operation parameters of the stimulationdevice.

18. An eighteenth embodiment (18) provides a multiple modulator systemcomprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification andprocessing device for processing one or multiple fingerprint informationto activate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; alocation information receiver and processor for receiving and processingthe location of the user; a processor device for processing andcombining the location information and fingerprint information activatedsignals with an additional user signal, said user signal comprising asignal generated by a user and providing the processed signals to afirst and or to a second modulator; a first modulator for spreadspectrum encoding and modulating the processed baseband signals; asecond modulator for filtering and modulating the processed basebandsignals; a connection circuit for providing either the spread spectrummodulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the spreadspectrum modulated signal and the filtered modulated signal to one ormore transmitters for signal transmission.

19. A nineteenth embodiment (19) is a dual modulation transmitterapparatus comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identificationand processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints toactivate a modulator for signal transmission; a location informationreceiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of theuser; a processor device for processing and combining the locationinformation and fingerprint activated signals with additional usersignals and providing the processed, baseband signals to a first and toa second modulator; a first modulator for spread spectrum encoding andmodulating the processed baseband signals; a second modulator forfiltering and modulating the processed baseband signals; a connectioncircuit for providing either the spread spectrum modulated signal or thefiltered modulated signal or both the modulated spread spectrum signaland the modulated filtered signals to one or more antennas for signaltransmission.

20. A twentieth embodiment (20) provides a multiple purpose systemcomprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification andprocessing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints toactivate one or multiple fingerprint generated signals for modulationand for signal transmission; a location information receiver andprocessor for receiving and processing the location of the user; aprocessor device for processing and combining the location informationand fingerprint activated signals with additional user signals, saiduser signals comprising a signal generated by a user, and providing aprocessed baseband signal to a first and to a second modulator; a firstmodulator for quadrature modulating the processed baseband signals; asecond modulator for filtering and modulating the processed basebandsignals; a connection circuit for providing either the quadraturemodulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the quadraturemodulated signal and the modulated filtered signals to one or moreantennas for signal transmission.

21. A twenty-first embodiment (21) is a multiple path transmitter systemcomprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification andprocessing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints toactivate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; a locationinformation receiver and processor for receiving and processing thelocation of the user; a processor device for processing and combiningthe location information and fingerprint activated signals withadditional user signals and providing the processed, baseband signals toa first and to a second modulator; a first modulator cross-correlatingand for quadrature modulating the processed baseband signals; a secondmodulator for filtering and modulating the processed baseband signals; aconnection circuit for providing either the quadrature modulated signalor the filtered modulated signal or both the quadrature modulated signaland the modulated filtered signals to one or more antennas for signaltransmission.

22. A twenty-second embodiment (22) provides a multiple modulator systemcomprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification andprocessing device for processing one or multiple fingerprint informationto activate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; alocation information receiver and processor for receiving and processingthe location of the user; a processor device for processing andcombining the location information and fingerprint information activatedsignals with an additional user signal, said user signal comprising asignal generated by a user and providing the processed signals to afirst and to a second modulator; a first modulator cross-correlating andfor quadrature modulating the processed signals; a second modulator forfiltering and modulating the processed signals; a connection circuit forproviding either the quadrature modulated signal or the filteredmodulated signal or both the quadrature modulated signal and themodulated filtered signals to two or more transmitters for signaltransmission.

23. A twenty-third embodiment (23) is a multi path communicationapparatus comprising: a user detection and authentication device foridentifying a user, processing the detected authenticationidentification of the user, and generating authentication informationsignals; a first signal path including a modulator coupled to saidinformation signals and to an other user generated input signal, saidinput signal comprising a signal generated by a user; a second signalpath including a cross-correlator for generation of in-phase (I) andquadrature-phase (Q) cross-correlated baseband signals from saidinformation signals and or from said user generated signals, and aquadrature modulator coupled to said cross-correlated baseband signals;a third signal path coupled to a transmitter; and a switch or combinerconfigured to couple the third signal path to the first signal pathunder a first condition, to couple the third signal path to the secondsignal path under a second condition, or to couple the third signal pathto both the first signal path and the second signal path under a thirdcondition.

24. A twenty-fourth embodiment (24) is system comprising: a userdetection and authentication device for identifying a user, processingthe detected authentication identification of the user, and generatingauthentication information signals; a first signal path including amodulator coupled to said information signals and to an other usergenerated input signal, said input signal comprising a signal generatedby a user; a second signal path including a quadrature modulator coupledto said information and or other user generated signal; and a switch orcombiner configured to couple the first signal path under a firstcondition, or the second signal path under a second condition, or thethird signal path under a third condition to the transmitter for signaltransmission.

The invention further provides methods and procedures performed by thestructures, devices, apparatus, and systems described herein before, aswell as other embodiments incorporating combinations and subcombinationsof the structures highlighted above and described herein.

All publications including patents, pending patents and reports listedor mentioned in these publications and/or in this patent/invention areherein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if eachpublication or report, or patent or pending patent and/or referenceslisted in these publications, reports, patents or pending patents werespecifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.The invention now being fully described, it will be apparent to one ofordinary skill in the art that many changes and modifications can bemade thereto without departing from the spirit or scope of the appendedclaims.

1. A cellular phone comprising: a receiver, a demodulator and a firstprocessor for receiving, demodulating and processing a first OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM), a Global Positioning System (GPS)and a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modulated signal into firstOFDM, GPS and CDMA processed baseband signal, wherein, said CDMAprocessed baseband signal comprises cross-correlated in-phase andquadrature-phase signals, and said receiver comprises two or moreantennas for reception of said first OFDM, GPS and CDMA modulatedsignal, for providing said demodulated and processed first OFDM, GPS andCDMA signal to an interface unit of said cellular phone; a secondprocessor for cascade processing said processed first OFDM, signal intosaid second processor processed second OFDM signal, wherein said cascadeprocessing means processing in a sequence; a modulator and transmitterfor modulation and transmission of said second processor processed OFDMsignal into a second OFDM modulated signal; a third processor forreceiving and processing a video signal into a processed third OFDMsignal and for providing said processed third OFDM signal to saidmodulator and transmitter, for generating a third OFDM modulated signal,wherein said first, second and third OFDM modulated signals are distinctsignals; and a fourth processor for processing a touch screen generatedsignal into a touch screen generated control signal, wherein saidcontrol signal is used for control of transmission of said second andthird OFDM modulated signal.
 2. The cellular phone of claim 1 whereinsaid OFDM signal is used in a fourth generation (4G) wireless system andsaid CDMA signal is used in a third generation (3G) wireless system andsaid system comprises a second generation (2G) wireless system specifiedreceived Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) signal, wherein saidreceived TDMA signal is demodulated and processed into across-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signal, and saidsystem comprises a fingerprint authenticated receiver and a transmitterfor transmission of video signals and said touch screen signals are usedfor control of three dimensional (3D) images and said system comprises aremote control device for remote control of a television (TV) set and avoice recognition system and a Software Defined Radio (SDR), and furthercomprising a receiver and processor for receiving and processing smokedetector generated signals.
 3. The cellular phone of claim 1, comprisinga Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) processor for receiving andprocessing a video signal and for providing a processed cross-correlatedin-phase and quadrature-phase baseband video signal to said modulatorand transmitter for modulation and transmission.
 4. The cellular phoneof claim 1, wherein said system comprises a first transmitter operatedas a linearly amplified transmitter and a second transmitter operated asa non-linearly amplified transmitter, wherein said first and secondtransmitters use separate radio frequency (RF) bands and said systemcomprises a Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) system.
 5. The cellularphone of claim 1, comprising a quadrature modulator for quadraturemodulation of said second OFDM signal and comprising a Time DivisionMultiple Access (TDMA) processor for receiving and processing a videosignal and for providing a processed video signal to a non-quadraturemodulator for non-quadrature modulation of said processed TDMA videosignal.
 6. The cellular phone of claim 1, further comprising a thirdprocessor for processing a motion detector generated signal into amotion detector generated control signal, wherein said motion detectorcontrol signal is used for control of operation of one or more units ofsaid mobile device.
 7. The cellular phone of claim 1 comprising RadioFrequency Identification (RFID) devices and one or more electrodes andleads for carrying stimulation pulses or medical diagnostic informationsignals.
 8. The cellular phone of claim 1, comprising a Multiple InputMultiple Output (MIMO) system for medical diagnostic or medical controlsignal transmission or reception.
 9. A cellular phone comprising: areceiver, a demodulator and a first processor for receiving,demodulating and processing a first Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexed (OFDM), a Global Positioning System (GPS), and a CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA) modulated signal into a first OFDM, GPSand CDMA processed baseband signal, wherein said receiver comprises twoor more antennas for reception of said first OFDM, GPS and CDMAmodulated signals, for providing said processed first OFDM, GPS and CDMAsignal to an interface unit of said cellular phone; a second processorfor cascade processing said first processor processed CDMA signal intosaid second processor processed second OFDM signal, wherein said cascadeprocessing means processing in a sequence; a modulator and transmitterfor modulation and transmission of said second processor processed OFDMsignal into a second OFDM modulated signal; a third processor forreceiving and processing a video signal into a processed third OFDMsignal and for providing said processed third OFDM signal to saidmodulator and transmitter, for generating a third OFDM modulated signal,wherein said first, second and third OFDM modulated signals are distinctsignals; and a fourth processor for processing a touch screen generatedsignal into a touch screen generated control signal, wherein saidcontrol signal is used for control of transmission of said second andthird OFDM modulated signal.
 10. The cellular phone of claim 9, whereinsaid OFDM signal is used in a fourth generation (4G) wireless system andsaid CDMA signal is used in a third generation (3G) wireless system andsaid system comprises a second generation (2G) wireless system specifiedreceived Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) signal, wherein saidreceived TDMA signal is demodulated and processed into across-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signal, and saidsystem comprises a fingerprint authenticated receiver and a transmitterfor transmission of video signals and said touch screen signals are usedfor control of three dimensional (3D) images and wherein said systemcomprises a Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) antenna system for receivingsaid GPS signals and other non GPS location finder signals and saidsystem comprises a remote control device for remote control of atelevision (TV) set and a voice recognition system and a SoftwareDefined Radio (SDR).
 11. The cellular phone of claim 9, comprising aprocessor and filter for processing and filtering a received videosignal for providing a first bit rate cross-correlated in-phase andquadrature-phase spread spectrum video signal and a second bit ratecross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase Time Division MultipleAccess (TDMA) filtered video signal, wherein first bit rate and secondbit rate signals are different rate signals and further comprising athird processor for processing a motion detector generated signal into amotion detector generated control signal, wherein said motion detectorcontrol signal is used for control of operation of one or more units ofsaid mobile device.
 12. The cellular phone of claim 9, comprising aMultiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system for signal transmission orreception of medical diagnostic or medical control signals, and furthercomprising a receiver and processor for receiving and processing smokedetector generated signals.
 13. A mobile device comprising: a receiver,a demodulator and a processor for receiving, demodulating and processinga Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM), a Global PositioningSystem (GPS) and a first Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modulatedsignal into OFDM, GPS and first CDMA processed baseband signal, whereinsaid receiver comprises two or more antennas for reception of said OFDM,GPS and first CDMA signal, for providing said processed first OFDM, GPS,and first CDMA signal to an interface circuit of said mobile device; asecond processor for cascade processing said first processor processedOFDM signal into said second processor processed second CDMA signal,wherein said cascade processing means processing in a sequence; amodulator and transmitter for modulation and transmission of said secondprocessor processed second CDMA signal into a second CDMA modulatedsignal; a third processor for receiving and processing a video signalinto a processed third CDMA signal and for providing said processedthird CDMA signal to said modulator and transmitter, for generating athird CDMA modulated signal, wherein said first, second and third CDMAmodulated signals are distinct signals; and a fourth processor forprocessing a touch screen generated signal into a touch screen generatedcontrol signal, wherein said control signal is used for control oftransmission of said second and third CDMA modulated signal.
 14. Themobile device of claim 13, wherein said OFDM signal is used in a fourthgeneration (4G) wireless system and said system comprises a CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA) signal is used in a third generation(3G) wireless system and said system comprises a second generation (2G)wireless system specified received Global Mobile System (GSM) signal,wherein said received GSM signal is demodulated and processed into across-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signal, and saidsystem comprises a fingerprint authenticated receiver and a transmitterfor transmission of video signals and said touch screen signals are usedfor control of three dimensional (3D) images and wherein said systemcomprises a Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) antenna system for receivingsaid GPS signals and other non GPS location finder signals and saidsystem comprises a remote control device for remote control of atelevision (TV) set and said system comprises a video signal processorfor processing a video signal into a cross-correlated in-phase andquadrature phase video TDMA signal and into a cross-correlated in-phaseand quadrature phase video CDMA signal and said system comprises a voicerecognition system and a Software Defined Radio (SDR).
 15. The mobiledevice of claim 13 comprising Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)devices and one or more electrodes and leads for carrying stimulationpulses or medical diagnostic information signals, and further comprisinga receiver and processor for receiving and processing smoke detectorgenerated signals.
 16. The mobile device of claim 13, further comprisinga second processor for processing a motion detector generated signalinto a motion detector generated control signal, wherein said motiondetector control signal is used for control of operation of one or moreunits of said mobile device.
 17. The mobile device of claim 13,comprising a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system for medicaldiagnostic or medical control signal transmission or reception.
 18. Amobile device comprising: a receiver, a demodulator and a firstprocessor for receiving demodulating and processing a first CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA), a second CDMA and a Global PositioningSystem (GPS) modulated signal into a first CDMA, second CDMA and GPSprocessed baseband signal, wherein said receiver comprises two or moreantennas for reception of said first CDMA, second CDMA and GPS modulatedsignal, for providing said processed first CDMA, second CDMA and GPSsignal to an interface unit of said mobile device; a second processorfor cascade processing said first processor processed first or secondCDMA signal into said second processor processed third CDMA signal,wherein said cascade processing means processing in a sequence; amodulator and transmitter for modulation and transmission of said secondprocessor processed third CDMA signal into a third CDMA modulatedsignal; a third processor for receiving and processing a video signalinto a processed fourth CDMA signal and for providing said processedfourth CDMA signal to said modulator and transmitter, for generating afourth CDMA modulated signal, wherein said first, second, third andfourth CDMA modulated signals are distinct signals; and a fourthprocessor for processing a touch screen generated signal into a touchscreen generated control signal, wherein said control signal is used forcontrol of transmission of said third and fourth CDMA modulated signal.19. A mobile device of claim 18, comprising a receiver for receiving anOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signal and forproviding said received OFDM signal to a demodulator for demodulationand processing of said OFDM signal and further comprising a thirdprocessor for processing a motion detector generated signal into amotion detector generated control signal, wherein said motion detectorcontrol signal is used for control of operation of one or more units ofsaid mobile device, and further comprising a receiver and processor forreceiving and processing smoke detector generated signals.
 20. Themobile device of claim 18, comprising a receiver for receiving anOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signal and forproviding said received OFDM signal to a demodulator for demodulationand processing of said OFDM signal into a processed OFDM signal, whereinsaid processed OFDM signal is used in a fourth generation (4G) wirelesssystem and said first CDMA and second CDMA signal is used in a thirdgeneration (3G) wireless system and said system comprises a secondgeneration (2G) wireless system specified received Time DivisionMultiple Access (TDMA) signal, wherein said received TDMA signal isdemodulated and processed into a cross-correlated in-phase andquadrature-phase baseband signal, and said system comprises afingerprint authenticated receiver and a transmitter for transmission ofvideo signals and said touch screen signals are used for control ofthree dimensional (3D) images and wherein said system comprises a MultiInput Multi Output (MIMO) antenna system for receiving said GPS signalsand other non GPS location finder signals and said system comprises aremote control device for remote control of a television (TV) set and avoice recognition system and a Software Defined Radio (SDR).
 21. Themobile device of claim 18, comprising a Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) devices and one or more electrodes and leads for carryingstimulation pulses or medical diagnostic information signals.